Ekaterina 2 came to power as a result of failed leadership of her husband Peter 3. That, due to their lack of foresight, rules Russia less than a year, and fell victim to a palace coup.Those who came to his place, Catherine was at times wiser and smarter.With regard to its reform, as it was originally intended to give Russia a completely new, progressive laws.However, its activities were restricted to the nobility, put the Empress in power.But still, some ideas of Catherine the Great are reflected in its reforms.
So Ekaterina 2 reform its origins to transform the Senate.The fact that it came from this side of the danger of undermining its authority.From this perspective, December 15, 1763 was issued a manifesto on the transformation of the Senate.Starting from the moment the Senate lost all legislative power.But at the same time, his judicial powers remained.Also he left his executive power.
In this role the Senate significantly raised the profile of the procurator-general.Catherine appointed to the post Vyazemsky, who was her confidant.At the time Vyazemsky was known for his honesty and integrity.Because of this he was entrusted with business management treasury, finance, justice, control and supervision.In its submission were all provincial prosecutors.But such a significant role was only to the procurator-general.The Senate itself was split into six parts.At the head of each was its own chief prosecutor.The first department has dealt with the external and internal political affairs.However, it was only zakonosoveschatelnogo aspect - no more.The second involved litigations in this aspect, as the Appeal.Under the jurisdiction of the third were the western outskirts of the empire, education and the police.The fourth was in charge of naval and military affairs.Fifth department together with the sixth were placed in Moscow.One engaged in litigations, and the other was a Senate office.
should be noted that 2 of reform Empress Catherine began to carry it with, why you would - it curbed the only legislative body that could significantly interfere with her reign.
Next is judicial reform Catherine and 2 provincial reform.All this can be safely attributed to the continued endeavors of Peter 1. To begin with, instead of the three-membered division of the empire into counties, the province and the province, was introduced two-term - at the county and province.It was necessary to significantly improve the judicial, supervisory and financial activities.This was accompanied by enlargement of the provinces.
First Ekaterina 2 reforms directed at improving the economic and political situation in the country.She knew that in any other form it may happen that, as with her predecessor Peter 3.
However, due to their dependence on the nobility she could not afford to improve the situation of farmers.And from that they eventually began to raise the uprising.The most famous of them - the revolt of Pugachev, which, incidentally, revealed that Catherine spent 2 reforms are not the most properly.This primarily affected provincial reform.After all, a country divided by the huge province, very, very poorly controlled by the center.So after the uprising was adopted a number of measures aimed at solving this problem.
