Yalta (Crimea) Conference, held from 4 to 11 February 1945 in Yalta Livadia Palace, was the second meeting of the leaders of nations belonging to the anti-Hitler coalition.
situation on the fronts of the war at that time (the end of winter 1945) evolved very favorable for the anti-Hitler coalition.Military operations have moved to the German territory, Allied troops landing in Normandy opened the so-called "second front."Army and the US Navy is almost entirely controlled by the waters of the Pacific Ocean.The outcome of the war was clear to all, Germany's defeat was a foregone conclusion.But the United States, Great Britain and the Soviet Union turned out to allies only in the war with Germany in its foreign policy the country pursued the opposite goal, so the postwar world, the fate of defeated Germany, on the new principles of international politics had to agree in advance before the end of the warand to conclude a peace treaty.The Yalta Conference was necessary to develop a common foreign policy position.
It should be noted that the procedure for settling questions of principle allies hardly differed, but the particular details and caused serious disputes.For Churchill, Stalin and Roosevelt fairly quickly came to an agreement on mandatory post-war partition of Germany, but the details of the process, the exact boundaries of zones of influence were not identified.
Yalta conference also highlighted and the spheres of influence in postwar Europe (conditionally - Soviet and Western).It was agreed that the Eastern European countries (Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary and other countries later "socialist camp") will be included in the sphere of interests of the USSR.In turn, Italy, Greece and other countries of southern and central Europe will remain under the influence of Britain and America.
bitter dispute broke out at a conference in connection with the fate of post-war Poland.Stalin insisted on the borders of Poland's conditional "Curzon Line" (according to the contract of 1920).But there is in Poland, the national government did not recognize the border, making it difficult in the negotiations.It remained unclear, and the fate of Lviv: According to Churchill and Roosevelt, the Soviet Union was obliged to transfer to the jurisdiction of the city of Poland.Yalta conference in 1945 the exact solution for the post-war borders of Poland failed to develop.Heads of the anti-Hitler coalition was decided to reparations from Germany.They had to make $ 20 billion, with half of the amount needed to get the Soviet Union.
during the Yalta Conference, it was decided on the war against Japan.The attack on Japan was to take place after about two months after the victorious conclusion of the war in Europe.
Yalta Conference adopt a new statute and rules of the future international political organization (the United Nations).One of the most important areas of future work of the United Nations proclaimed the abolition of the colonial system in the world.
Yalta Conference, the results of which have had a tremendous impact on the postwar world as a whole and - especially - on the fate of post-war Europe, was the last meeting of the leaders of the anti-Hitler coalition during World War II.Temporary truce, which removed part of the sharp ideological differences between Western countries and the Soviet Union, at the same time ended with a victory over a formidable common enemy - Nazi Germany.Former allies, unfortunately, once again turned into irreconcilable enemies.
