Man - the most complex, multi-dimensional, incomprehensible phenomenon on the ground.The science of psychology is traditionally considered a man in three major categories: individual, personality and individuality.How do they differ?The individual - the category that considers man as a natural, physical being as highly developed animals with their organic needs, however, is fundamentally different from other animals.Personality - a social category.It is characteristic of the person who purchased them in the community, connect it with the environment and social affairs representative group of community people.Finally, the personality - is a characteristic of man as a natural phenomenon and as a member of society as a whole and the relationship.Individuality is formed throughout life.
Personality - the basic concept of psychology.However, modern science still does not have all the accepted definition of it, because the phenomenon is very complex and multifaceted.In foreign and domestic psychology there were some fundamental theories of personality, each of which provides its own interpretation of its structure and development.
Psychodynamic personality theory
founder of the theory of psychoanalysis, Freud in the early XX century, formulated his model of personality.According to Freud, based on personal development and existence are life and death instincts.The most important of which he considered sexy that throughout life at the earliest stages of development to old age govern human behavior.The structure of the individual analyst has identified three basic components that are in constant conflict, thus giving incentives for the development of: the id, ego and superego.Eid in the personality is constantly striving to meet the desires and impulses, to every minute of constant discharge, the Ego - before you meet, do these desires with the notions of public morals and ethics, which are represented by the super-ego.Intrapersonal conflict caused by the struggle of these three structures can lead to mental disorders, neuroses and physical illness.
Psychodynamic personality theory was later revised by a disciple and follower of Freud KGJung.He created his own analytical theory, which is based on different ideas about the structure of personality.Scientist analysts believe that contributes to personal development is not the sexual instinct, and creative vitality.The theory of Jung's personality identifies three components of this energy: the ego - conscious of the subjective world, the personal unconscious - experiences and the resulting complexes, repressed from consciousness, the collective unconscious - the deep layer of the subjective, which is woven from archetypes - vague images, behaviors collected from the experience of allmankind.
Behavioral theory of personality
The basis of this theory is the concept of behavioral psychologists that personality is made up of the experience acquired during the life of a person under the influence of his environment.The main structural elements are the individual reflexes and skills acquired as a result of social learning.Moreover, some psychologists believe that personality develops through environmental, external circumstances, but others thought it incentives to develop life goals and expectations that a person tends to get from the sale.
cognitive theory of personality
This theory justified the American psychologist J. Kelly, who believed that at the core of the personality are the processes of understanding human life in its totality of the past, present and future with the help of constructing his model of the world peculiar constructs.Personality thus consists of a system of such constructs, attitudes and interpretations of the world around the person.People with similar constructs are attracted to each other.So there are love, friendship, group interaction and mutual understanding.
Any theory of personality that exists in psychology, tries to present his vision of a complex and multifaceted concept of "personality".
