salmon are the only family in the suborder Salmoniformes.Among them are both freshwater and communicating views.Of these, the most common are: salmon, chum salmon, pink salmon, coho, sockeye, chinook salmon, whitefish, trout, grayling, cisco, brook trout, trout, and flax.Most of these fish is called a collective name of trout and salmon.
Origin
salmon appeared about 145 million years ago.Structure and form, they are very similar to Clupeiformes, and some even combine their classifications.But the salmon can be easily distinguished by a well-drawn lines on the side of the torso.The separation of the family to modern types occurred 62-25 million years ago.
distinctive features
Fish salmon family can have a body length from a few centimeters (eg whitefish) to two meters and their weight can be up to seventy kilograms (trout, salmon, chinook).
absolute record size is trout.This fish of the salmon family can live more than fifty years, have a weight of one hundred kilograms, a length of more than two and a half meters.The body - long and narrow, covered with circular scales.
All salmon have one dorsal fin and one fat, being behind him.
Reproduction
Life expectancy in some species can reach fifteen years.Multiply
they can only in fresh water.However, some types of permanent residence in the lakes, but most of them rises to spawn from salty to fresh water bodies.Most often they go back to the same place where they were born.It is still unknown exactly how they find their native river.Perhaps for the heavenly bodies and the bright constellations, or the taste of the water and the finest features of its composition.
During spawning salmon change their shape and color (put "wedding attire").
Spawning
As already mentioned, the reproduction of salmon occurs only in fresh water - in streams, rivers or lakes.This is due to the fact that their ancestors were freshwater, and only some of their descendants evolved into anadromous fish - is the Atlantic and Pacific salmon.
Most species spawn only once in life, and then die.It is more typical for Pacific salmon, but the Atlantic can spawn up to four times.
Before this process salmon vary considerably both externally and internally.Painting of silver becomes red and black, the male can sometimes appear hump, teeth become larger.But almost all the internal organs deteriorate, meat becomes less elastic and therefore less valuable.
places of residence
mainly salmon live in the Northern Hemisphere.The most common are in northern Asia, Europe, North America as well as in the mountains of North Africa.In the Southern Hemisphere in their natural habitat is the family is absent, but in some places they artificially acclimated and bred.
Fishing
Their meat has a distinctive taste and is very rich in nutrients, so all kinds of salmon fisheries are protected.They give a catch of around three per cent of all marine fish produced.
