History of money began long ago.In primitive period is the simple exchange of goods.After all, not everyone can make axes and guns and still be a good hunter.And then there was the idea.People have decided that you need to make the weapon smith.With it goes the hunter to hunt and give part of the production as payment for the ax, and arrowheads.Thus arose and mutually beneficial barter.As a result, there was a division of labor.Some craftsmen specialized in the manufacture of certain things.
However, for the sharing of a need for the needs of a trader in the product, which offers another.As a result, barter was possible only in the case when both sellers were necessary for each of these items.The existence of such conditions restrict the probability of exchange of goods.On the other hand, should be involved in the barter equivalent things.This condition is also an obstacle exchange.
need for the implementation of barter transactions has led humanity to the allocation of a large variety of products specified equivalent.It was he who began to be used in the exchange.
History of money at this stage is characterized by the appearance of the goods which have sufficient liquidity (ability to execute).They were certain items, as well as animals.For example, the ancient Ethiopians were used in calculating the bars of salt.Residents of the island of Nauru as equivalent to the exchange of goods used rats, and the Aztecs in the form of monetary units were first cocoa beans.The American colonists made the exchange of goods they need on animal skins valuable species or tobacco leaves.Widespread cowrie shells.The first money they began to serve in China, and then they used the people of Thailand, India and Africa.
History of money in the next step required the fulfillment of certain requirements:
- they should not have to lose their marketability in the storage and transmission;
- carry them should have been easy;
- a small amount of money had to miss out on necessary purchases;
- the total value may not decrease in the fine crushing.
History of money in the next historical period marked by the emergence of metal coins.They were first released in the seventh century BC in Lydia.The first coins the appearance resembled the beans and were called staters or standards.One hundred years later metal money steel molded in Greece, southern Italy, as well as in Asia Minor.
History of Money in Russia began with the Kievan Rus.It was there in the ninth-tenth centuries originates coinage.The most valued specie of gold.Behind them - silver and then copper.Some Russian principalities minted money.However, a sufficient distribution was received silver "Tenga", brought by the Tatars.From it, and got the name of Russian money.Silver ingot for the fractional part is cut into various pieces.Hence, there was the word "ruble".
third stage in the history of monetary relations is the period that began in the nine hundred and sixtieth year.That's when China opened Paper analog coins.The cause of the banknotes was the lack of metal.At the initial stage for the production of paper money was produced on the basis of the bark of mulberry trees.
In the eighteenth century banknotes widespread in European countries, and at the end of the nineteenth century, their position in the world has become dominant.
The history of money, the abstract of which can always be found in the Internet, it is currently in its fourth stage.It lies in the gradual transition to electronic payments, with the help of which the cashless settlement.Thus, the money in the form of banknotes and coins were gradually replaced from the economic turnover.
