conclusion of the Brest peace was the third in March 1918.Participants to the agreement are: Russia - the first side, Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria and Turkey - the second.The effect of this peace treaty was short-lived.It lasted a little more than nine months.
It all started with the first negotiations in Brest, where the representatives of the Russian Bolsheviks were LB Kamenev and Joffe, AA, and Mstislav SD, Karahan LMAt the last minute before leaving this border town was decided that the necessary participation of the people.Such was a soldier, a worker, a sailor and a farmer, who lure more travel.Of course, the view of this group during the negotiations was not considered and not simply to hear.
During the talks, was discovered by the fact that the German side, in addition to the signing of peace, wants to its conclusion without indemnities and annexations, and eager to make Russia the right of nations to self-determination, so planning to get under its control Ukraine and the Russian Baltic.It became obvious that Russia may lose Lithuania, Latvia, Poland and the territory of the Caucasus.
The signing of the Brest peace was only a temporary truce in the fighting.Lenin, Trotsky and Sverdlov were worried that if the conditions of the German side they deposed for treason, since the bulk of the Bolsheviks did not agree with the policy of Vladimir Ulyanov.
In January 1918 was held in Brest the second stage negotiations.The delegation was headed by Trotsky without the presence of representatives of the people.The main role in this round belonged to the Ukrainian delegation, the main requirement of which was detaching from the Austro-Hungarian Empire lands of Bukovina and Galicia.At the same time the Ukrainian side did not want to know the Russian delegation.Thus, Russia has lost an ally in Ukraine.For Germany, the latter would benefit from placing on its territory a large number of warehouses with arms and military uniforms.Brest-Litovsk, due to inability to reach common ground, ended in nothing and was not signed.
the third phase of negotiations, during which the representative of the Russian delegation TrotskyHe refused to recognize the representatives of Ukraine.
Third March 1918 Brest-Litovsk was signed.The result of this agreement was the rejection of Russian Poland, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, the Crimea, Ukraine and the Caucasus.Among other things, disarm the fleet and was issued in Germany, the size of the indemnity was imposed in six billion gold marks, and one billion marks for damages German citizens, they have suffered in the course of the revolution.Austria-Hungary and Germany got warehouses with arms and ammunition.Brest-Litovsk also imposes an obligation on the Russian troop withdrawal from these territories.Their place was taken by the German armed forces.Supplementary Agreement to the peace treaty stipulates the economic situation of Germany in Russia.Thus, German citizens were granted the right to do business in Russia, despite passing it a process of nationalization.
Brest peace restored tariffs with Germany, established in 1904.Due to the non-recognition of the Bolshevik Russian tsarist debts under this Agreement it has been forced to confirm them to such countries as Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, Turkey and Germany and to begin to make payments on these debts.
countries were part of the block Entente, did not approve of the Brest peace in the middle of March 1918 declared its non-recognition.
In November 1918, Germany renounced the peace agreement.Two days later, it was followed by the cancellation of the Central Executive Committee.A little later, German troops began to leave the former Russian territory.
