Social processes - a series of homogeneous phenomena arising from the interaction of people;causing a change in the state and elements of the social system.
series of phenomena can be perceived as a process only if:
- identity is preserved in time, allows you to select from a variety of its other series;
- there is a relationship between the previous and new problems or phenomena;
- preceding events should cause a homogeneous situation.
Social processes can take place in three possible ways, namely:
- subjective, which is expressed in a sequence of actions of participants of social relations;
- object, expressed in a sequential change in the state of social phenomena;
- process, expressed in compliance with, the implementation of a certain technology.
Sociologists E.Berdzhes R.Park and created one of the classifications of basic social processes.In particular they have been allocated processes of cooperation, adaptation, competition, assimilation, conflict and amalgamation.
- process of cooperation can occur between two people, as well as in small and large groups.It is based on concerted action by people to achieve common goals;
- process of adaptation, in which the individual adapts to the new conditions, takes the values and cultural norms of the new environment, because the old does not meet the needs.A prerequisite is the submission process of adaptation;
- process of competition means the fight between people, groups or companies for obtaining certain values of power, money, love, etc).Competition stimulates the activity of the people, allowing to achieve high results;
- conflict is a clash of interests of people of different groups and societies.One of the most negative examples of the conflict is the war, when the purpose of acquiring any property there is a collision of interests, resulting in death.
- process of assimilation, that is, the mutual cultural penetration in which different groups or the public come to a common culture.
- amalgamation process, ie biological mixing of ethnic groups and peoples, after which they become one.
Social processes and their types
1) Unidirectional (single-line) processes.In its development, they are one and the same path, or a certain (similar) the sequence of steps.An example is the civilizational approach to the development of the state, where the allocated slave, feudal and capitalist type of state that, successive;
2) Multi-line social processes require the presence of several alternative development;
3) Nonlinear processes when there are breaks or jumps after a long period of growth.An example of this can serve as a formational approach to the development of society.The transition to the new formation is the result of a qualitative leap in economic development that leads to a radical transformation of the state;
4) Omnidirectional processes that occur randomly and have a casual nature;
5) Undulating social processes that are repeated or similar to previous models;
6) Recycle processes occur (repeated) at regular intervals;
7) Spiral processes - similar, but differ in terms of complexity.In this cycle can be progressive and regressive;
8) Random social processes - taken separately special cases when the changes occur is not known for a particular pattern;
9) Stagnation - for some time in a state of not happening any changes.
