types of reproduction changed with the development of human civilization.Experts of three main stages through which society passed Stage appropriating economy, agrarian and industrial.In this regard, and classify the types of reproduction.
archetype characteristic of tens of thousands of years from the beginning of human history.This first type of population reproduction arose under the rule of assigning (hunting, gathering, fishing) economy.A characteristic feature is the high dependence of people from the surrounding nature.
That period was characterized by primitive small population and low population growth.Gradually assigns economy passed to the generating (agricultural) - began to develop cattle breeding and agriculture.This period is called the "Neolithic Revolution."Thus, the prerequisites for the development of the following type.
There was a second type of reproduction of the population for thousands of years.This period was characterized by almost absolute dominance of the agrarian economy.The main indicators at this stage were the high levels of fertility and mortality.At the same time, which is typical, the latter in the period overlaps the first, which eventually leads to low growth in the population.According to demographers, the main regulator of mortality, then, is, in some way stimulate the birth rate.Other types of reproduction characterized by other mechanisms of growth.
crucial period in the development of the overall economy of the society was the era of the industrial revolution of 18-19 centuries.As is known, the industrial revolution in Europe and the 20th century they covered all state in the world.During this period, began to take shape the modern type of reproduction of the population.
new stage of development of society characterized by oriented towards the formation of a completely different demographic situation, the use of completely different mechanisms.
Man has become less dependent on natural health has made considerable progress, improve the overall standard of living - all this has led to a marked reduction in mortality, increasing life expectancy (on average).These factors have resulted in an increase and natural increase.
Not least of which did not have other types of reproduction of the population, in the new stage to be considered significant flexibility and active demographic relations, ensuring the freedom of choice of the family.At the same time there is a significant increase in efficiency, manageability in this period.Specialists in this context referred to as a modern form of reproduction of a rational type.
All processes require a deep demographic research and then interpret.In the course of their study of the concepts of the demographic transition and revolution.In some sources, these definitions are considered as equivalent.In other demographic revolution is characterized as the completion of the transition.In such cases we speak of three revolutions in human history: the Neolithic, a period of 18-19 Ages and the second half of XX century.
Each demographic revolution corresponds to a transition to a new kind of reproduction.This science-based understanding of changing phases created the preconditions for the development of the theory of transition.The main task is to explain the nature and sequence of changes in the structure of mortality, fertility, natural increase of population, as well as the assessment of long term trends.
