form of government - a system of the highest state authorities.This concept includes the structure of their formation and the order of distribution of powers among them.The monarchy and the republic - the basic form of government.
first - the monarchy - is characterized by single-handedly (or almost single-handedly) to exercise power.Under this system, the power is usually inherited.
Origin and development of the monarchical form of government took place in a slave system.In the feudal period, this system has become the main.It is believed that the oldest monarchical dynasty in the world - Japan.
Classical monarchy endowed with the following main characteristics:
- the presence of the sole head of state, endowed with the power and use it for life (Pharaoh, Sultan, Emir Shah, emperor, king, king);
- the implementation of the hereditary succession of power order;
- availability of legal irresponsibility of the monarch (the inability to apply to the president impeachment proceedings (prosecution)).It should be noted that in history there are many examples of how the conspiracy against the monarchy and the establishment of a revolutionary situation in the country to overthrow the autocracy.
absolute monarch called a form of government in which the supreme power, all in accordance with the law belongs entirely to one person.
When the constitutional power of the head of state autocracy is largely limited to a representative body.Typically, these limits are determined by the Constitution, which, in turn, argues Parliament.The head of state is not entitled to change the constitution.
into a constitutional monarchy and parliamentary allocate dualistic form of government.
In a parliamentary system of government comes from the formation of the government representatives of a particular party (or multiple parties), who received the most votes in the elections.The head of state then becomes the leader of the party that has the largest number of seats.For a parliamentary form of government characterized by the absence of the monarch's actual power in the judicial, executive and legislative.Under this system, Parliament adopts legislation, the head of state formally signed them.The Constitution thus provides government responsibility is not to the autocrat, and to Parliament.The system of state administration there is, for example, in Denmark, Belgium, Great Britain.
dual monarchy has a dual character.Factual and legal division of power is carried out in the government, which is formed by parliament and the monarch.
called Republic form of government in the State in which the elected bodies exercise the supreme power.Elected these organs population for a fixed period.
Common signs of this form of government include:
- the presence of a collegial or sole head of state;
- selectivity supreme authorities (including the president) for a certain period;
- implementation of control (power) on behalf of the people and not at his discretion;
- bound by all decisions of the supreme state power;
- there is a legal liability provided by law, the head of state.There
parliamentary and presidential form of government in the state.Both types are modern systems of government.
a parliamentary republic the leading role in the formation of life in the country belongs to the Parliament.The presidential form of government with the parliamentary system in the hands of the powers of the president joined the government and heads of state.
