After the war (World War II) in the international policy of the USSR is one of the most important place is given to the Middle East.Arab countries receive different kinds of help - and the military, and moral, and political.
the Suez Crisis of 1956 was the first test of strength of the Soviet influence in the Middle East.
Soviet Union supplied military equipment, weapons, sending experts and military advisers in the country, which could (allegedly) involved in a military confrontation.
actually under the control of Britain until the mid-1950s remained Egypt.In 1951, the Egyptian government has terminated the agreement under which the territory of the country deployed British troops.However, Britain has not only brought them, but their number has increased.In response, the country held protests against the British invaders began guerrilla warfare.
In 1952, July 23, the conflict in Egypt turned into a revolution.Colonel Nasser, head of the political organization "Free Officers" overthrew the monarchy and proclaimed the country a republic.
policy pursued by the new government significantly intensified relations with Britain and Israel.Britain, seeking to extend the presence of the army in Egypt, Nasser signed an agreement on the withdrawal of troops for twenty months and the transfer of the Egyptian government military installations.In 1955, the Baghdad Pact was established with the participation of Iran, Iraq, Turkey, Britain, Pakistan.Egypt was also invited to join.However, Nasser refused.
the Middle East, the situation more complicated.Israel, as well as member countries of the Baghdad Pact in the eyes of Egypt were hostile environment.Western colonial system disintegrated.This was evidenced by the attainment of independence of Morocco, Tunisia, Sudan, Syria.Algeria has passed the National Liberation War.At the same time we created favorable conditions for development in the area of Soviet influence.This in turn raises concerns about NATO.
It should be noted that the fears were well-grounded.The fact that Nasser in 1955, appealed for help to the countries of the West.Egypt asked for military support, but was refused.In connection with this, Nasser turned to the Soviet Union.The Soviet Union did not refuse to Egypt.After Czechoslovakia was arranged in secret sale of Russian weapons.
Concerns Western countries was growing.They did not want the presence of the Soviet Union in the Middle East.President Eisenhower pledged to Nasser financial assistance in the construction of the Aswan Dam.But after the Egyptian president began buying arms from Czechoslovakia and established diplomatic relations with China, the US government refused its offer.As a result, Nasser was in a bind, since the collapse of the project could trigger an economic crisis in the country.Assessing the situation, the Egyptian president has gone to extreme measures.Nasser decided to nationalize the Suez Canal.In 1956, on July 26, the President announced at the grand rally that the proceeds from the nationalization of the funds will be used for the construction of the Aswan Dam.From that moment began to actively develop the Suez crisis.
Economic activity Nasser, bearing the revolutionary nature, carried out against the background of the military policy of the Egyptian president.Nasser received military support, began to openly claim to leadership in the Middle East.By mid-1956 with his support it was formed a unified command of the troops of Syria, Jordan and Egypt.Preparations for war against Israel.
Suez crisis escalates.Nasser were concerned in Paris and London.At the same time begin to take an active expression of indignation, these countries could not, as it did not suit America.
As a result, developed a secret plan.Its essence lies in the fact that Israeli troops invaded the territory of Egypt.London and Paris will be offered to cease hostilities.If at least one of the parties refuses, the allied forces (British and French) will take appropriate measures to ensure the security of the Suez Canal.After approval of the plan began systematic preparation for its implementation.
invasion began in 1965, 29 October.By the 5th November by Israeli troops had occupied the entire Sinai Peninsula.Subsequently began active attacks, bombings, landing.
Suez crisis could stop the Soviet Union.On November 5, the Soviet government had sent telegrams to Prime Minister of Israel, France and Britain.They pointed to the fact that the war against Nasser can go to the Third World, which can be applied "rocketry".Thus, the Soviet Union did not exclude the possibility of military solution of the conflict.The Soviet Union was willing to go to extreme measures in order to eliminate the Suez crisis.
As a result, 8 November all military activities were stopped.
