In history there are details about the huge number of ancient roads that serve the people.For historical paths were great army, and cities located along paths have been attacked (and sometimes were the aggressors themselves).In peacetime, the ancient road linked the cultural, political and commercial life of the different states.
Great Silk Road is considered the most famous and most significant in the world.This trade route formed a "trine", which connected the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Ocean.This great "highway" crossed Eurasia.It connected the Mediterranean to the Far East.
It should be noted that the Great Silk Road was not only expensive, or even a system of trade routes.He acted as a complex cultural and economic bridge between the territories of East and West, connected the peoples strive for mutual cooperation and peaceful coexistence.For example, the Great Silk Road in Kazakhstan (if you go from west to east) went from Tashkent through Turbat (Pass) in Isfidzhab (Sairam).The city's name has reached our days.So called village near Shymkent, the center of which are the remains of a medieval fortress.This city was once considered one of the largest centers of the Silk Road.Isfidzhab export from the white cloth, slaves, iron, swords and other weapons, copper.
Modern scholars believe that the Great Silk Road appeared around the 2nd century BC.e.At the same time the name was introduced much later, during the 19th century.The term "Great Silk Road" appeared in the scientific use after writing in 1877, Richthofen (the German historian and traveler) work "China".It should be noted that up to this point the road called western meridional Way.However, in scientific use the term entered, the Richthofen.
According to historical evidence, the Emperor of China sent an envoy Wu Di in 138 BC.e.to seek allies in the struggle against militant Hun tribes ravaged northern Chinese territory.Ambassador Zhang Qian after returning from a trip in detail told about his visit to Central Asia.The Emperor of China has also received information about the most convenient shopping roads.They later become the basis of the Silk Road.
about trade and exchange operations between the Central Asian cities and China information, mainly in the Chinese chronicles with 1.BC.e.7-8 centuries.n.e.The earliest sources tell of-state offerings sent to the imperial palace of the Central Asian region.
With time going strengthening of trade relations between China and Central Asian cities.Every year the imperial court took no less than five caravans to the west, accompanied by hundreds of guards.Carried metal products, silk.They traded for corals, horses, jade, different Central Asian goods.It should be noted that the products of China have been claimed in various countries.Unique silk fabrics were the price in Persia and the states, which are to the west of it.
16th century is characterized by a certain weakening of trade relations and China's Central Asian cities.Mainly this was due to the opening of sea roads, increasing conflicts in feudal society, strife in the Seven Rivers.Strained relations between states and the Safavids in Iran and Central Asian countries Sheibanids.As a result, it began a sharp decline in the caravan trade.
In the 19th century the attention of Europe was drawn in the direction of Turkestan.While Szolkowy Way became a legend.For the second time this road was discovered by chance as a result of certain political circumstances.
Silk Road archaeological research began in 1900.However, after the outbreak of World the study was halted.
