Man has always sought to rise into the air and feel the freedom of flying on a par with the birds.Since nature does not give people wings, dreams of flying were embodied in the establishment of special aircraft.The first aircraft was created by several inventors in various parts of the globe by a small margin over time.Therefore, the owner of the palm in this matter is still not clearly established.History offers us a choice of three, to be exact, even four candidates for the invention of the airplane: the Wright Brothers from the USA, Alexander Mozhaiskogo from Russia and Alberto Santos-Dumont Brazil.
recognized as the ancestor of most modern aircraft is still considered the Wright brothers' airplane.Inventors of the United States - Orville and Wilbur Wright took to the skies your airplane Flyer-1 in the morning December 17, 1903.The first flight lasted only 12 seconds, and the unit covered the distance of 36 meters and a half, and the first pilot, respectively, became Orville Wright, who flew the plane, lying on his wing.
Actually, it was not their own flying machine in its purest form, as the airplane slid along the guide rail, and accelerated with the help of a catapult.But while in its construction has been provided an internal combustion engine which is constructed own brothers.
following the first experiment was followed by a series of improvements, and soon the air rose Flyer Flyer 2 and 3.In the fall of 1905, the Wright brothers were able to fly almost forty kilometers.For all its primitiveness, their aircraft still had the right to be called the aircraft because they were equipped with motors controlled by pilots and moved according to the laws of aerodynamics.However, the chassis like airplanes never got into the air and climbed with the help of a catapult.
Almost simultaneously with the Wright brothers launched his plane into the air Brazilian inventor Alberto Santos-Dumont.This happened in 1906 in France.The main difference between this aircraft was the fact that he took off without any additional devices, that is, is a completely self-propelled.The first flight, which was called the "14-bis» non-removable chassis and had flown only by its own power.
now becoming increasingly common the fact that the very first aircraft was still not built in America, but in Russia for thirty years before the Wright brothers' airplane.Constructed him Rear Admiral Mozhajskij that for a long time to conduct appropriate studies.His vehicle looked like a small boat with a few pipes, masts and two small steam engine.It was called aeronautical shell, and a patent for a similar aerial vehicles Mozhajskij received in 1881.
construct Mozhaiskogo can be attributed to the type of aircraft fuselage, which began fully built only 30 years later.The inventor was a very tight budget, and the government sought to highlight how little money for research and, if possible at all to classify and stop all development.
Documented first flight in the summer of 1882 near St. Petersburg, the Red Selo.Specially invited by the Commission to observe the flight of the aircraft, which is called Mozhajskij aerodinamom.The first aircraft was dispersed on the wooden flooring, and flew a couple of meters down into the water, a broken wing.
Modern research has shown that at the time was designed aerodynamic true, but it was not enough engine power for a longer flight.
Mozhajskij overcoming bureaucratic and financial problems continued his development.In 1890 he died, to develop his case there was no one, and the tsarist authorities prefer to forget about a plane for a long time to bury such studies.Even designed the aircraft was no use - he was transferred to the estate Mozhaiskiye near Vologda, and in 1895 he was burned there.
So who inventor can give priority to the final?Each decides on its own.Aviation - a very important page in the history of mankind, which was created barely a lot of people: the theorists, practitioners, engineers and dreamers.Therefore, they are entitled to recognition and memory.
