Political science - the science that studies all aspects of world politics, its cultural, sociological, psychological, institutional and geographical features.But what is politics?The answer to this question can be quite multifaceted, as precise and clear definition of this concept is still there.Recently, however, generally accepted policy of the public domain related to the interaction of various class, ethnic, and social groups in solving the problems of the conquest, retention and development of state power.This is the reality of any civilized state.
object and subject of political science
Politics takes to study all aspects of the political system of the world, respectively, will be the object of her interest in global political reality.But this reality in the various aspects of the study and other sciences - philosophy, psychology, sociology, history, etc.That allows you to select political science as a separate branch of scientific knowledge?This is the subject of research.But here a long time political scientists could not come to a consensus and a clear definition of the object of this science.Only in 1948, a group of experts from the European countries and the United States identified the problem, he studied political science.These include: political history, political institutions and civil society organizations, party associations and movements, as well as international relations.
ambiguous view of the object and subject of political science associated primarily with the desire of many Western political scientists divide science into two sectors - applied and theoretical.Thus, in the early twentieth century scholar Seymour Lipset US has allocated an independent branch of political sociology and treated the subject of its research structure and functioning of government institutions and the various political groups and their interaction with society.Many scientists have suggested after S.Lipsetom identify political science and political sociology and political science subject formulated as follows: the study of how society uses the political institutions that govern his life and political ideas accumulate for its development.
But, nevertheless, overwhelming support for the view that the political science - integrated science, including the study of many aspects of society and, therefore, the object and subject of political science include several key components.These include: the level of political culture consciousness in society;political institutions, parties and groups;interstate and intrastate political interaction;political entities, namely, individual, social group, political leaders and managerial elite.
subject and method of political science
political science as a set of different sciences, with individual objects, methods and approaches in the study of political phenomena of society are united with them only the object - political reality.Political science integrates and accumulates all received other social sciences knowledge and research results multifaceted political life.This implies that the subject and object of political science can be defined as the study of multilateral political relations, functioning and development of the different political institutions in different government systems, the study of the political life of the people of the ruling parties and their interaction with a view to implementing and maintaining power.
course, study all these phenomena occur using different scientific methods.What is the method?This design of specific techniques and methods for the preparation and achievement of scientific knowledge.In modern political science studies use different methods of both traditional and advanced.It should include traditional historical, comparative, institutional practices, the latest - the methods of expert assessments, business games, simulation methods, structure and mathematical modeling.
complex and ambiguous view of the object and subject of political science explains the extraordinary and multi-faceted approach to this branch of science, which consists of a collection of independent scientific disciplines studying certain aspects of political life, and with your own subject and research methodology.
