As is known, the system account is the basis of accounting.To accounts were not chaotic, but succumbed to a certain logical analysis, they will certainly need to be streamlined so as to obtain a clear, comprehensive system.It is to ensure that the system of accounts was not a burden, but a convenient and easy-to-use accounting tool, and there is a classification of accounts for economic content.
Account accounting - a recording (you can also call their registers), which displays all operations of the same type carried out now.Thus, in the long run it is going to all the information about a single type of asset, liability or processes.Each account has a debit and credit side, which vary depending on the type of operation.At the end of the reporting period is calculated closing balance of the account.The classification of accounts for economic content can be condensed and expanded.An abbreviated version of the account classification divides into three types:
- active - it accounts which show all the assets of the enterprise, at its disposal (assets).Active accounts with debit reflect the occurrence of an enterprise of any funds (cash, fixed assets, accounts receivable and so on), and a loan - their disappearance (cancellation, transfer to other persons and companies).Closing balance of active accounts is displayed on the debit.
- Passive - these accounts are displayed on all the sources, due to which the company has at its disposal certain funds.Such sources are called liabilities.As a rule, any liabilities associated with obligations, or with the authorized capital of the enterprise.According to accounts in the credit displayed occurrence of liabilities (for example, a loan, or the occurrence of payables to supplier) or the introduction of the charter capital, and debit - payment of liabilities of the enterprise or the withdrawal of capital by the founders.
- Active-passive (procedural) accounts - show the processes occurring in the enterprise.In contrast to active or passive accounts, active-passive can have a balance of both debit and credit, depending on how the leaked financial and business operations for the period.Methods of conducting these accounts is specific to each individual account, so in this article some universal method of treatment with an active-passive accounts is not possible.
Classification of Accounts extended type involves dividing them into ten classes as it can be seen in the chart of accounts.This classification refers to the separation of accounts by ten classes, and was invented centuries ago by French economists.Since such a classification of accounts for economic content has become a recognized global accounting standard and is still used in most countries.The only difference between domestic and foreign classifications is that in Western countries accounts are not assigned numbers - Accountant writes only the account name, so he does not need to memorize the entire numbering.
classification of accounts for economic content allows you to easily organize a large number of accounts on a simple and intuitive categories and, therefore, makes life easier for any accountant.Knowledge of this classification is one of the key moments in the life of an accountant on his way to a successful career.
Finally.Very often those who first encounter with the accounting system, could not understand the difference between the accounting and bank accounts.Remember, bank accounts and their classification - is a completely different category of Knowledge, even if related to finance and accounting, however, to consider other aspects of the brand.Do not confuse accounts with the bank - it will help to avoid many mistakes in the future work!
