In the biosphere of our planet there is a set of complex processes caused by the vital activity of organisms and the impact of human evolutionary changes in the thickness of the subsoil and the depths of the oceans.The main one is the carbon cycle.Without it, life on Earth.
By and large, the carbon cycle is the global mechanism responsible for uptake and release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.Assimilation of carbon we all know as photosynthesis, and are responsible for that part of the plant.Select / return carbon dioxide takes place through her exhalation of living organisms, the work of industrial enterprises and decomposition processes
Diagram of the carbon cycle will more fully represent the process consists of two stages:
- assimilation of carbon dioxide (CO2) by plants, microscopic living organismsand then converting it to a more complicated basic chemical compounds (fats, carbohydrates, proteins).
- Return of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere by the respiration of living beings and in other ways.
However, the carbon cycle is a complex process.So, after the death of organisms, some of them are processed by bacteria and truly returned to the atmosphere in a relatively short period of time.But part of the remains of the dead turns into organic matter.
These are the remains of organic matter in a few hundred years will be converted, and eventually turned into coal, oil and peat.These resources will be used by man for various purposes, and carbon of them will be returned to the atmosphere.
Separately want to dwell on the return of CO2 in the carbon cycle.
fats.Lipolysis of different origins is possible due to participate in this process microorganisms having enzyme directed at splitting of this compound.This results in a glycerol and higher fatty acids series.Glycerin decomposes into pyruvic acid (AHC).It is, depending on conditions, it turns into water, acid or alcohol, and air is separated carbon molecule.
Carbohydrates.These substances are the main carriers of fiber, which is absorbed and processed only by certain microorganisms.During its processing forms of glucose which is oxidized almost all types of fungi and bacteria.As a result, glucose is split into water and carbon dioxide.This - not the only option.The oxidation may lead to the formation of methane, but subject to the release of carbon.
Due to the fact that all the processes are not identical in terms of its flow, are two types of circulation of substances in the biosphere:
- geological (formation of minerals) - can run into thousands and millions of years.
- biological (death and decay of plants and animals) - a very active process that can take anywhere from several days to several years.
Of course, the description herein is a very superficial and does not reflect the essence of chemical and other processes by which the world is supported by the carbon cycle.
