result of the November Revolution of 1918 was the establishment of the Weimar Republic in Germany.She was legally enshrined in the constitution of 1919, developed a Jew Hugo Price and adopted the German Constituent Assembly, meeting in Weimar.Most of the Constituent Assembly at the time was composed of 3 Republican parties: the German Democratic, Social-Democrats and the center.
Weimar Constitution included the following important points:
- presidential elections were carried out every seven years;
- elections to parliament (Reichstag) - every 4 years;
- expanded the power of the central government;
- guarantee respect for the fundamental rights of citizens.
Thus, the constitution established the country's Republic acting on the principles of federalism and parliamentary democracy.The provisions contained in this document were largely borrowed from the Constitution of Paulskirche 1848
Germany in the period from 1919 to 1933 at the place of a constitution called the Weimar Republic.Its first president was the Social Democrat Friedrich Ebert, who was in power until his death, that is, until 1925.He was replaced by the candidate of the right - the former Field Marshal Hindenburg.
Already in the 20s to a democratic state there was disbelief.This was due to severe conditions of the Treaty of Versailles, the needs of the postwar period, persistent inflation, a sharp economic downturn.The peak of inflation has fallen at 15 November 1923, when the US dollar was worth 4.2 trillion marks.At the Treasury did not have time even to print on both sides of the bill, and so on existing bills stamped just extra zeros.
Weimar Republic was going through hard times.As a result, society was split on the extreme left and extreme right-wing groups to create their own paramilitary organizations.In 1920, the country took Kapp putsch, in which killed a lot of politicians.There were secret courts "Feme" that people at the discretion of the underground organizations, were sentenced to death.During the existence of the Republic Cabinet of Ministers has changed 21 times, and the Reichstag was re-elected eight times.
Weimar Republic depended on the foreign policy of foreign powers.Particularly active in respect of Germany, France, which for a hundred years has experienced 4 German invasion.All her actions were designed to weaken the republic, to impose on it as much as possible limitations and reparations to implement a split of the country.Britain did not want an excessive weakening of the Weimar Republic and strengthening France.The weak economy in Germany prevented the opening of the market and the sales of British goods.
some political stability was achieved in 1924.And improved economic conditions.In 1925, as a result of the foreign policy of Gustav Stresemann it was concluded Lokkarnsky contract to get closer to Germany and France, and in 1926 the Weimar Republic joined the League of Nations.
In 1929 there was a global economic crisis, which has negatively affected the Weimar Republic, it was the beginning of the fall.The country was paralyzed economic life, the number of unemployed reached 6 million.The overall poverty and unemployment used by the right and left radicals.Classrooms need ongoing support Reichs President endowed with a strong constitution power.Since 1930, the increased influence of the National Socialist movement of Adolf Hitler, who in 1932 became one of the major parties.In July 1932 in the Reichstag elections of 601 places the party won 230 seats.
existed for the Weimar Republic in Germany until 1933, before the establishment of the fascist dictatorship.Hitler became chancellor from January 30, 1933
