15-17 century left a significant mark in the history and economy of the whole of humanity.In this era of great geographical discoveries occur, which were the prerequisite for the development of the bourgeois mode of production.They were caused primarily by continued growth of the productive forces of medieval society and the development of monetary and commodity relations in which there was a need to find new partners for trade, materials and gold.
Meaning of great geographical discoveries can not be underestimated.Europeans, opening up new sea routes and land between the two countries contributed to the establishment of cultural and trade contacts, acquire new economic and natural resources, the expanded view of the life of people in other countries and continents.
performed the great voyages of discovery was made possible by the active development of science and technology.During this period, built powerful sailing vessels suitable for the ocean voyage, improving navigational instruments, approved by the idea of ​​sphericity of the planets, developing navigation in the eastern countries.
push the Europeans to seek new routes to the East steel barriers and constraints that have created the Turks and the Arabs on the way to India.In connection with this plan begins to be developed to achieve the Near East around Africa by sea.
Only the powerful centralized monarchical Western states could afford to equip the complex and costly expedition.Spain and Portugal - the first country to send your ships to conquer the ocean space.In 1486 the Mediterranean sailors rounded the southern part of the African continent, already in 1498 the famous traveler Vasco da Gama managed to reach the shores of India.However, Portugal has blocked the way for other countries along Africa.
Christopher Columbus received the support of Spain, traveled to the Atlantic Ocean to the west.The result of the expedition was the discovery of the American continent.
Describing the great geographical discoveries, not to mention a world tour, which led Fernando Magellan.It marked the beginning of the development of open spaces of the Pacific Ocean.
in 16-17 century discoveries made French and English explorers in North America and the Russian sailors in Northeast Asia, coming to the shore of the Pacific Ocean.
great geographical discoveries and their implications.
VGO result was the expansion of the world market, the rivalry of nations in an effort to get the Asian treasures and rigid colonial system.Center of trade routes from this moment are England, Portugal, Spain, France and Holland.
a result of colonial policy in Europe from subordinate countries have supplied large quantities of silver and gold.The result of this was a revolution of prices (a sharp rise in the cost of agricultural and industrial products).In Spain, there was a rise in price four times, in the Netherlands, France and Great Britain - 2.5.This situation has led to the fact that in these countries rather quickly formed a wealthy bourgeois stratum of society.
great geographical discoveries contributed to the expansion of the global market and increase the number of goods.Become known new products: coffee, tobacco, cocoa, tea, corn, cotton, etc.
colonies of European countries for the industry to this point are the capacious external markets.Failure to fully meet the increased demand for goods leads to a crisis in the guild system.Instead remeslinichestva appears capitalist manufacture, which, thanks to the division of labor, increases the volume of production.As a result, commercial and industrial capital is concentrated in the hands of a new class - the bourgeoisie.
can confidently assert that the UCO facilitate the transition from the feudal to the capitalist mode of production.
