Russia in the 17th century was in the context of increasing the value of labor of the serf population, completing the formation of a national single market, the geographical area of ​​specialization.Zemsky Sobor not attached so much importance as before.Formed preconditions for the development of absolute monarchy.
But Russia in the 17th century is still "buntashnoy."Often it happens massive popular demonstrations.
external political development of Russia in the 17th century began with the intervention of the state in the Thirty Years' War.
This century historians conventionally divided into two stages.In the first phase Russia in the 17th century, first of all, to overcome the Time of Troubles.At the second stage began to take shape prerequisites for the Petrine reforms.
newly elected Tsar Mikhail Romanov suit all social strata.But it should be noted that the real power was in the hands of his father - Metropolitan Filaret - long enough.Russia in the 17th century had to overcome the consequences of the Troubles.That this task was assigned to the king.
to implement central government used a system of orders, the local elders were replaced by elected governors from the center.At the heart of the army consisted of nobles.During their service they have received land allotments with the peasants.However, in connection with the last flight in the Time of Troubles, estates were not particularly price.The government increased the period of investigation fugitives, reports on the case investigation in order Raider.Since the flight of the peasant from the estate equal to a criminal offense.
In the middle of the century it became necessary to systematize the existing laws.To this end, a special committee was convened.As a result, in 1649 it was decided Conciliar The Code, which completed the device serfdom.Thus, the search for the fugitive became indefinite, the state of serfdom - hereditary.Moreover, some articles strengthened the royal power.Thus, the estate-representative monarchy became absolute.Absolutism rests on the peasant commune and the nobility.
During the reign of Alexei Mikhailovich stops collected Zemsky Sobor, Boyar Duma loses its significance.King stands out proxies (low Duma), but makes decisions independently.
Industrial development is characterized by the appearance of factories, the division of labor.In manufacture the machines.Used and hired labor (workers mainly came from chernososhnyh and serfs).
attempts to modernize the country's government has taken to the middle of the century.Under the modernization understood changes in various spheres of life, aimed at strengthening of absolutism and feudalism.Conversions have been strengthened fiscal and military-technical development of the country.These were the changes in the social, economic, spiritual and the political sphere, which characterized the 17th century.
Russia during this century, was able to expand its territory.So, Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich joined the State Ukraine (Little Russia).While in Ukraine rose, led by Khmelnytsky Zaporozhye Cossacks.The revolt turned into a people's war.Fearing subsequent military battles against the Turks and Poles, the rebels asked for help from Russia.In 1653 the Left-bank Ukraine was incorporated.This triggered a war with Poland.The fighting ended with the recognition of joining the Ukraine.In addition, Russia will get back Smolensk, and in 1686 - Kiev.
failure befell the Russian state in the Russian-Swedish War, and in the Crimean campaigns.But, at the same time, it was annexed East Siberian territory, perfect access to the Pacific Ocean, as well as set the border with China.
