history is divided into two layers: the primitive society and civilization.The initial stage of human development is a primitive system, which covers the period of time in excess of two million years, when there was no public entities that have not yet developed legal standards.
During its existence, the primitive society has come a long evolutionary path, for which there was a change in its socio-cultural and economic image of the device.There are two main stages of primitive society: the first - appropriating economy, the second - the productive economy.Changing stage, in the Neolithic Age (the Neolithic Revolution), in the 8-3 millennium BC
The first stage is characterized by the emergence of man as a biosocial being.People use simple stone tools, lived at the expense of appropriation of the products of nature (gathering, fishing, hunting), led a wandering life, united in local groups under the leadership of the leader.This is the simplest form of life and social organization, reflecting the low level of development of the productive, social and cultural relations, called primitive stage or original communities.However, despite the chaotic inner life of the flock, it traced the first primitive society social norms, rules, standards, and other behavioral patterns.
natural instincts begin to recede before the social and cultural stereotypes.Relations within the group are egalitarian.Distribution of food and other resources is uniform.At the heart of this equation is equivalent to the exchange (as food, tools, and their wives, etc.).The power of the leader of the group is shown very impressively.His will flock perceived as the norm.
increasing complexity of social relationships, marital relationship changes (appearance of exogamy, forbidding marriages between blood relatives) and the Neolithic Revolution led to the emergence of family and clan groups.There was a change in the herd tribal community, which was based on kinship.Rodoobschinnye could build a relationship on the principles matriliny or patrilineal.
Prehistory after the Neolithic revolution is entering a new round.People go to the producing economy, enabling them not only to ensure the survival of themselves, but also begin to purposefully provide themselves with food and other necessary items for life.This was a prerequisite for the transition to a sedentary lifestyle.Gradually the individual family clan groups establish control over a certain territory.Primitive stage turns into a firm that grew numerically and related to a particular area group of manufacturers.The new social organization based on self-government and somoregulyatsii.
At this stage of development of primitive society moves to a fixed division of labor, the distribution of food and a marriage.The principles of equality and egalitarianism still remain.But, however, the distribution of production could be made and considering the roles and functions of the participants (by sex, age, etc.).The advantages of a team possessed and its leader.Around him were concentrated group members, who in return for the benefits granted to them recognize the authority of the leader.So there was a pre-state form of government.
in tribal communities already have rules of conduct binding on all members of her team.Generic standards were associated with totems, have mythological overtones.The procedure for the distribution of production becomes regulated, control over this process takes on the leader.Social relations are characterized by self-adjusting: they are supported by the interests, religious beliefs and other value orientations.But this does not exclude the repetition compulsion standards that developed the primitive society.In violation of a taboo criminal could even be expelled or subjected to the death penalty.
