Since ancient times people have dreamed to find out what is under their feet.Not here on the Earth's surface, and there - deep in its bowels.Unfortunately, using the existing equipment could get deeper into only a few hundred meters.
Drilling operations on the Kola Peninsula began in 1970 and lasted until 1992.During this time, the drillers did Wyzne opening.Still, after the crust was "punctured" by more than 12 km!
Kola borehole confirmed many scientists speculate, but denied many.It was assumed that the crust is like a layer cake - at the bottom of basalts are higher - granites, and we walk in sedimentary rocks.It was not quite like that.Granites are at 3 km lower than scientists believed.And before the basalt layer drillers have not got.The last kilometers were extremely granite.At the International Geological Congress, held in 1984 even offered to bury the hole because it denies all the assumptions scientists.Of course, this was said in jest.
initially planned, by the way, that the well on the Kola Peninsula will be much deeper.It was believed that the low temperature is 15 kilometers to and dig as much as expected up to 20 km, that is, almost to the mantle.But the Baltic Shield a surprise.At the level of 12 km it was detected temperature of 1000 degrees Celsius higher than was predicted.And even today, scientists do not know why it happened.
But that's not all the discoveries that gave the world the Kola borehole.Thanks to it, it became known that life on Earth originated much earlier than anticipated.Fossilized microorganisms to those depths where they should not, according to scientists, and huge concentrations of methane gas led the scientific world to radically change theory.
What is Kola borehole?Perhaps many imagine a mine or something like that.But such fantasies are far from the truth.In fact, our earth is comparable with a needle, ruthlessly piercing its bowels.The depth of the drill goes, the diameter of which slightly more than 20 cm. At the end of its fixed multiple sensors, which are allowed to make as many discoveries.
from wells on the Kola Peninsula is connected a lot of mysterious legends.Or legends - who knows?Perhaps all that it happened.For example, drillers say that from the depth of the sounds, like the terrible screams.The most impressionable claim that this is where the grave is located.
When the mark was reached 10 km, Kola ultradeep fell trouble - a chain of mysterious events, the explanation of which has not been found.When a fused drill scientists could only shrug, because he was not able to withstand a temperature of the sun!And once the rope broke.And later he could not find the remains.
But drilling was stopped not because of devilry.The official version - the lack of funds.By mysterious coincidence, at the same time at a great depth the explosion occurred.The explanation for this incident is also found.
Well, Kola has served the world well worthy.It excited the scientific world and the associated mysterious legends for a long time will excite mankind.
