Mars - the closest planet to us.The distance from Earth to Mars varies from 54.5 to 401.3 million km mln.km.As you know, the change is due to the distance of movement of the planets in their orbits.Every 26 years there is a minimum distance from Earth to Mars (54.5 million km).At this point, the red planet is located opposite the sun.This phenomenon is called opposition.Sun between Mars and the average distance of 227.92 mln.km.This is 1.5 times higher than the path between the Earth and the sun.Radius of Mars - 3 390 km, which is two times less than the radius of the Earth.
climate on Mars is much colder than ours.The lowest recorded temperature at the surface reaches -125 ° C.This deadly frost was observed at the poles during the winter season.The highest temperature of 25 ° C.It is recorded in the summer at the equator of the planet.The average temperature of Mars -60 ° C.
Like all planets in our system, Mars revolves around the Sun in its orbit which is elliptical.One year on the red planet lasts 687 Earth days.One day on Mars lasts 24 hours, 39 minutes and 35 seconds.
the planet's rotation axis is angled relative to the orbit of 25,19 °.This figure of the Earth is 23,45 °.The angle of inclination affects the number of planet solar light that strikes the surface at any time.This phenomenon provokes and change of seasons.
fairly aggressive climate (except unimaginable cold on the planet, there are even more volcanoes and wild winds) makes it difficult to commit expeditions.However, this did not prevent scientists in the past to speculate that on Mars there is intelligent life.Modern scientists are also more educated, are proponents of the theory that life on Mars existed much earlier.
At the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries, the red planet visited by automatic spacecraft.These expeditions were made when the distance from Earth to Mars was the minimum to reduce the flight.These satellites have been researching the planet's surface and its atmosphere.However, neither prove nor disprove the theory of past life they could not.There were only a supplementary question.
ideal study that would destroy all the controversy and myths about the red planet, would be an expedition to the man.However, the main reason why this is not possible, is not even great, in human terms, the distance from Earth to Mars, and incredible risk.The fact that the space is filled with gamma-rays and radioactive protons, radiation which inflict tremendous harm to the health of astronauts.
particular danger to humans in space are streams of ionized nuclei whose velocity reaches light.These rays are capable of penetrating through the hull of a ship and the suit.Once in the body, they destroy the DNA strand damage and destroy genes.For example, during the flight to the moon, the astronauts were able to see the flash of light.Then the majority of the members of the expedition had developed cataracts of the eye.Based on the fact that the distance from Earth to Mars is much larger than the Moon (expedition to our natural satellite lasted only a few days, but on the red planet, it will take at least a year), we can assume how much it will affect the health of the study participants.
And it does not matter what the distance from the Earth to Mars, how aggressive it on Wednesday, and the journey is dangerous, the interest in this planet will run out soon is not, as the secrets of her enough to many more generations.
