Versailles-Washington system of world order was established by the victor after the first World War.Among these states, first of all, were the UK, France, USA and Japan.Its aim was consolidation redivision of the world.In fact, it was directed not only against countries that lost the war, but also against the Soviet Union.The system also sought to maintain dependency and suppress the liberation movement in the colonies.
basis of the system in Europe was the Treaty of Versailles of 1919, as well as Saint-Germain (1920), Nёyisky (1919) and Trianon (1920), of Sevres (1920) peace treaties and agreements that have been adopted during the Washington Conference 1921-22 years.However, despite the achievements, the Versailles-Washington system was quite unstable, which led to its downfall and the beginning of even more bloody war.
Start system was embedded solutions Paris and Washington Conference.Making it possible to substantially defuse the tension in the world that existed after the war.It was necessary to update the principles of international relations, which is reflected in the major positions taken by the states.It was recognized the right to self-determination of all peoples, a categorical rejection of war as a means of resolving conflicts around the world.
important event of this period was the creation of the League of Nations.A number of European countries became independent, internationally recognized.
crisis Versailles-Washington system was dictated by the fact that the decision of the Entente powers severity of post-war reconstruction was transferred to the vanquished nations without taking into account that there is not the political regimes, bore the responsibility for starting the war.Winners reparations established without taking into account the real possibilities of the countries that were supposed to pay them.Therefore raised the first wave of world nationalism not only sleep, but began to rise even more active.
Soviet Russia turned out to be outside the system.Entente powers regarded it as a traitor, which concluded with their common enemy, a separate peace.In addition, the Bolshevik regime was met with allies hostile intervention during 1918-19, they made an attempt to overthrow him.The civil war that came to Russia formally allowed not to invite its leaders at the conference.After graduation, Russia has become the largest country in the world, and in response to the neglect of its Allies, began in opposition to the system.
Another factor behind the collapse of the Versailles-Washington system was that the victorious powers did not take into account the possible economic effects of agreements concluded by them, greatly burdened the world economy such payments that they were not under force.Reparation payments led to undermining the ancestral economic ties between the countries.
people of the German colonies and the Ottoman Empire, even after the war remained in the same position, not having received the long-awaited independence.For them, we created a mandate system, which, in essence, no different from the colonial.
errors that allowed the Versailles-Washington system was that power was forced to sign the young German state treaty of peace on its terms defamatory.
stabilization of relations in the world after the creation of the system was observed only at the very beginning of its existence, in the 20s.Recognition of the Soviet Union also contributed to this stabilization.In 1922 he was invited to Russia for the first time in Genoa for an international conference to address economic issues.In its course the Soviet Union and Germany was signed by the Rapallo Treaty, agreeing to remove the mutual claims, thus establishing diplomatic relations.
has existed Versailles-Washington system until the mid 20th century - before the start of World War II.
