Each of us have heard something strange and unfamiliar word "audit", and faced with a term such as auditing.Very often there are questions about what people are doing this as a profession?Many have a false association with the work in the service of sound events, but this is not true: the audience - it does not sound engineers!Auditing is much more interesting, complex and demanding.
Auditing is a verification of financial reporting, accuracy of documentation, mapping economic activities in the internal documents of the enterprise and the transfer of data in the financial statements.Audit activity in Russia began to develop with the collapse of the Soviet Union, but only with two-thousand years we can talk about the beginning of the real development of audit in Russia, because it is at this time in our country came to such world-famous audit digging as Pricewaterhouse Coopers, KPMG, Ernst & Youngand others.
As we have said, the audit work is to verify the correctness of display operations business.Note that each business transaction is shown in the documentation of the enterprise more than once.First of all, it is displayed in the so-called primary document, which is the main proof of the transaction.For example, when it comes to purchasing any materials, primary documents will invoice;If we display the value of fixed assets, as the original document will be considered also an act of commissioning.
Once operations have been reflected in the source documents, they are logged conduct business transactions, which are recorded transactions and corresponding accounts on which is written the debit and credit.After the registration operation in the journal corresponding entry in the statements of both correspondent accounts and year-end closing balances for all accounts appear in the balance sheet and other documents of the financial statements.
task of the auditor, first and foremost, it is to monitor the proper display of the economic operation in all phases of accounting - from the original document to otchetnosti.Kak usually audit is carried out on separate portions of the account that is checked separately fixed assets accounting, receivables and payables, payments to customers, cash flow and so on.The need for separate checks for each area of accounting explains the extremely high volume of work and, as a consequence, a high probability of errors and inaccuracies in the audit "all at once".
Auditing completes the company's management representation letter O, in which the auditor expresses his opinion about the state of affairs in the company.This withdrawal, he points out inaccuracies and violations found during the inspection.In general, the output can be of three types: positive in the absence of violations conditionally positive in the case of violations that do not exceed a threshold of materiality, and negative if the auditor has found significant violations.Materiality threshold adopted in the amount of five percent deviation value of the indicator displayed in the reporting of its true meaning.
Auditing plays an important role in the functioning of the economic mechanism of individual companies and the economy as a whole, because thanks to the auditors avoid the appearance of multiple errors in the financial statements, as well as to counter the commission of a variety of economic fraud.
