Analyzers man - is the specific structure of the nervous system whose primary function is in the perception of information and formation of the corresponding reactions.This information can go from both the environment and inside the organism.
general structure analyzer .The concept of "analyzer" appeared in science thanks to a well-known scientist Pavlov.It was he who first defined them as a separate organ system and highlighted the overall structure.
Despite the diversity of the senses, the structure of the analyzer, as a rule, fairly typical.It consists of a receptor Department, the conductive portion and the central department.
- Receptor, or peripheral part of the analyzer is a receptor that is adapted to the perception and initial processing of certain information.For example, curl ear responds to sound waves, the eyes - the light, the skin receptors - pressure.The receptors on the impact of the stimulus information is processed in the nervous electrical impulse.
- Conductor parts - parts of the analyzer, which are the nerve paths and endings that go to the brain subcortical structures.An example is a visual and auditory nerve.
- central part of the analyzer - is the cortex, which is designed to obtain information.Here, in the gray matter, information processing is carried out and the final selection of the most appropriate response to a stimulus.For example, if you press a finger to something hot, the skin thermoreceptors hold signal to the brain, where the team will go to straighten the arm.
Analyzers rights and their classification .The physiology of all analyzers are divided into external and internal.External parsers person react to stimuli that come from the environment.We consider these in more detail.
- Visual Analyzer .The receptor portion of the structure represented by the eyes.The human eye is composed of three layers - the protein, the circulatory and nervous.The amount of light that enters the retina is regulated by the pupil, which is able to expand and narrow.The light beam break in two at the cornea, lens and vitreous body.Thus, the image falls on the retina, which contains many nerve receptors - rods and cones.Through chemical reactions are generated electrical pulse that follows along the optic nerve and is projected in the occipital lobes of the cerebral cortex.
- acoustic analyzer .The receptor is a ear.The outer part collects the sound, the average is a way of its passage.Vibration analyzer moves by departments until until it reaches the navel.There vibrations cause movement of the otoliths, which also forms the nerve impulse.Signal is on the auditory nerve to the temporal lobes of the brain.
- olfactory analyzer .The inner shell is covered with a nose so-called olfactory epithelium, a structure which reacts to odor molecules, creating nerve impulses.
- taste analyzers human .They are presented with the taste buds - accumulation sensitive chemical receptors that respond to specific chemicals.
- Tactile, pain, temperature analyzers human - as provided by the receptors located in different layers of the skin.
If we talk about the internal analyzers man, these are structures that respond to changes within the body.For example, in muscle tissue has specific receptors that respond to pressure, and other parameters that vary in the body.
Another striking example - this is the vestibular apparatus, which responds to the situation in all parts of the body and its relation to space.
worth noting that the analyzers person have their own characteristics, and their effectiveness depends on age, and sometimes from the floor.For example, women distinguish more shades and flavors than men.Representatives of the stronger sex, have more taste buds.
