Abraham Maslow - American psychologist and humanist, who has studied the problem of motivation of the person, that is, forces which impel her to action.The result of this research has become widely known pyramid of needs Maslow.At the heart of this model is the assumption that human needs hierarchically, ie, unequal, and higher satisfaction conditionally possible only after being satisfied on the bottom step.Drafted Maslow's pyramid of needs consists of 7 stages, it is based on the so-called basic or vital human needs.This first stage, without "passing", without satisfaction of vital physiological needs of the people, according to Maslow, do not even think about the needs of a higher order.
Explorer combines the need for 5 groups:
- Physiological.They include hunger, thirst, sexual desire and satisfaction, etc.
- Existential.The quest for permanence of life, comfort and sense of security.
- Social.The need for social contact, dialogue, exchange of experience, attention and care both about themselves and about others, a sense of inclusion and unity.
- The need to assert themselves, to receive praise and appreciation for the work done, development and respect for others.
- spirituality.Self-knowledge, self-realization, finding meaning in life, self-actualization.
more Maslow's hierarchy of needs is as follows:
- Baseline.Physiological needs.Satisfaction it is a must for life.These include the need for food, sex, dream, etc.
- sense of confidence.A person with basic needs becomes more relaxed, exploratory instinct dulled, and there is a need for protection, shelter, that within the framework of society is reflected in the need to find a close and understanding man to win the care and understanding.It is with this level of the pyramid of needs Maslow points to the prevalence of social needs.
- need for belonging and love.The desire to feel part of the whole, to be needed and accepted.The need for understanding, tenderness, warm and trusting relationship.
- need for respect and recognition.Relatively speaking, well-fed people who accept and love tends to more - to respect innocent people, the recognition of itself as advanced and capable individual.
- cognitive needs.Following the acquisition of fame or recognition of the desired level there is a thirst for "internal growth" - gaining new knowledge development.The horizon is extended, and such a person would like to know the world around them, to expand the boundaries of their knowledge.That is concentration on his life is replaced by a desire to study the knowledge of other people's experience and in particular the laws of nature and the world - as a whole.
- aesthetic needs.Looking to meet purely selfish needs gradually shift towards harmonization of the life around him.Emphasis on beauty, harmony as the inner world of man and the external.Place enough everyday needs takes attraction to art.
- highest level.The need for self-actualization.Under the self-actualization Maslow understood the natural human desire to meet the needs of lower levels to the "full disclosure itself."Simply put, the driving force behind such a person - mature - becomes the desire to find ourselves in the world, to become useful to society.Serve others and share with them their knowledge, skills, qualities.This level is the apotheosis of personal development, which goes beyond the selfish satisfaction of needs.
It should be mentioned that the pyramid of needs Maslow - is a model of the motivation of the individual.That absolutely does not mean a reduction prior to achieve later.A person aspiring to everyone's well-being, still wants to have a close relationship, also feels hunger and thirst.
Pyramid Maslow carries information about what is human nature to desire to develop and samoaktualizirovatsya.However, this is only possible if the current requirements are satisfied.
