But let's examine "Explanation of Theophylact of Bulgaria to the Holy Gospel"!This is a very interesting work.Its author is Archbishop of Ohrid Theophylact Bulgarian.He was a major Byzantine theologian and writer, interpreter of the Holy Scriptures.He lived at the end of XI - beginning of XII century in the Bulgarian Byzantine province (now the Republic of Macedonia).
Theophylact Bulgarian often called blissful, although he did not belong to publicly acknowledge the Holy Orthodox Church.It should be noted that the Slavic and Greek authors and publishers often call it the saint and to equate the church fathers.
biography
biography Theophylact Bulgarian little known.Some sources say he was born after 1050 (up to 1060 exactly) on the island of Euboea, in the town of Halkis.
The Hagia Sophia of Constantinople Theophylact bestowed diaconate: thanks to him, he came to the court of Emperor Parapinaka Michael VII (1071-1078).Many believe that after Michael died, Theophylact was assigned to his son Prince Constantine Doukas educator.After all, the four-year-orphans, and now it is this status was the heir, was only a mother - Empress Maria, patron Theophylact Bulgarian.By the way, she led him to write the best things.
should be noted that the rise of activity Feofilakt written correspondence from Bulgaria with a large number of prominent people, send it to Bulgaria, Archbishop of Ohrid is related to the reign of Alexei Comnenus (1081-1118).Feofilakt expulsion from the capital, where he struggled in vain, probably due to the disgrace of the family autocrat Michael.
No one knows how long it remained in blissful Theophylact of Bulgaria and when reposed.His letter is dated the beginning of some of the XII century.At that time, when he was at the court of Empress Maria, but not before the 1088-1089 year, the evangelist has created "Tsarskoye instruction."This unparalleled work very authoritative in literary circles, was specially designed for his pupil, Prince Constantine.And in 1092, he traced the Emperor Alexius Comnenus very pompous eulogy.
Creation
known that the most important monument in the history of literary creativity Feofilakt considered his correspondence.137 letters have survived, that he sent the supreme temporal and spiritual empire persons.In these letters Blessed Theophylact Bulgarian complained about his fate.It has been refined by the Byzantines and with great disgust, belonged to the barbarians, to their Slavic flock, "smelling sheepskin."
should be noted that reports of popular uprisings, constantly arise before the advent of the Second Bulgarian Empire, and also appear from time to time the armies of the Crusaders, many letters Theophylact elevate the level of outstanding historical source.Data on the management of the kingdom, and the countless figures of the era Alexei Comnenus also important.
Peak career Feofilakt are interpretations of the New Testament and the Old.This book of scripture.The most original work in this area, of course, referred to as an explanation to the Gospel, especially on St. Matthew.It is interesting that the author bases his arguments here on diverse interpretations of St. John Chrysostom on the enormous number of individual episodes of the Scriptures.
Generally, Feofilakt often makes allegorical interpretation of the text, sometimes even slipping moderate the debate with heresies.Theophylact Bulgarian INTERPRETATION apostolic actions and messages for the most part left in the comments, but the current text literally copied from obscure sources of IX century and the X century.He is the writer of the full lives of blessed Clement of Ohrid.
paramount importance of his polemical book against the Latins, written in a spirit of reconciliation, and the word of fifteen martyrs who suffered under Julian in Tiveriupole (Strumica).
Interesting fact: in Patrologia Graeca writings evangelist placed 123 th to 126 th is inclusive.
Commentary on the Gospel of Matthew
So Theophylact wrote a wonderful interpretation of the Gospel of Matthew, and now we will try to examine in detail the most this work.He claimed that all the holy men who lived before the law, not the knowledge obtained from books and writings.This is quite surprising, but in his work indicated that they were brought up light-Holy Spirit, and only so in knowledge of God's will: God himself led the conversation with them.These he represented Noah, Abraham, Jacob, Isaac, Job and Moses.
After a while people have deteriorated and become unworthy of learning and enlightenment of the Holy Spirit.But God toward man, he gave them the scripture, that though thanks to him will remember him.Theophylact writes that Christ has personally led the first talks with the apostles, and then sent them to the blessing of the Holy Spirit guides.Of course, the Lord expected that over time there will be heresy and human morals deteriorate, so it's good pleasure, that were written by two of the Gospel.After all, so we are drawing from them the truth, not lies and heretical uvlechёmsya our morals did not deteriorate.
And of course, the interpretation of the Gospel of Matthew is very edifying work.Studying the Book of kinship (Mf.1 1) Feofilakt wondered why the blessed Matthew did not say, like the prophets, the word "vision" or "word"?After all, they always noted: "The vision that Isaiah admired" (Is.1: 1) or "The word that came to Isaiah ..." (Isa. 2: 1).You want to clarify this issue?Simply seers approached the rebellious and hard-heartedness.Only so they told us that it is God's vision and voice of God to the people scared and not neglected because they told him.
Theophylact notes that Matthew spoke to the virtuous, faithful and obedient, and therefore did not say anything like pre prophets.He says that what is contemplated prophets, they saw the mind, looking at it through the Holy Spirit.Only so they said it was a vision.
Matthew did not mind contemplating Christ but morally stayed with him and listened to his senses, watching him in the flesh.Theophylact writes that just so he did not say: "the vision that I saw," or "intuition", but said: "The Book of kinship."
Next we learn that the name "Jesus" - Jewish, not Greek, and translated it as "Savior."After all, the word "yao" Jews informed of salvation.
And Christ ("Christ" means in Greek "anointed one") were named the chief priests and rulers, because they were anointed with oil to be saints: he poured from a horn, which is applied to their head.Generally, the name of Christ the Lord, and as a bishop, because he sacrificed himself as the King, and at home against sin.Theophylact writes that he was anointed with oil by this, the Holy Spirit.In addition, he was anointed before the others, because someone had given the Spirit as the Lord?It should be noted that the saints acted blessing of the Holy Spirit.In Christ also functioned following power: Christ Himself and His Spirit consubstantial with deciding the miracles.
David
Next Theophylact said that as soon as Matthew said, "Jesus," he added, "Son of David" so that you did not think that he is referring to another Jesus.After all, in those days, he lived another standout, Jesus, Moses, after the second leader of the Jews.But this is not called the son of David and the son of Nun.He lived long before David was born not from the tribe of Judah from which David came, but from another.
Why does Matthew put David before Abraham?Because David was better known: he lived and later Abraham was known as a magnificent king.Because he was the first rulers pleasing to God the Lord and received a promise from him, it was reported that Christ will rise up out of his seed, and why Christ was called the Son of David.
David really the image of Christ preserved: it in place left the Lord and voznenavidennogo Seoul began to reign, and Christ in the flesh, came and above us reigned after the kingdom Adam lost his power that the demons and all living things he had.
Abraham begat Isaac (Matt. 1: 2)
Next Theophylact interprets that Abraham was the father of the Jews.That is why the evangelist begins with a genealogy.In addition, Abraham was the first promise: it was said that "all nations be blessed by his seed."
course, a decent start would be the family tree of Christ with him, for Christ is the seed of Abraham, which we receive the grace of all of us who were pagans and above are under a curse.
Generally, Abraham means "father of languages", and Isaac - "laughter", "joy".Interestingly, the evangelist writes about the illegitimate offspring of Abraham, for example, Ishmael and the other, as the Jews did not evolve from them, but from Isaac.By the way, Matthew alluded to Judas, and his brethren, because the twelve tribes descended from them.
Clarifications on the Gospel of John
And now look at how Theophylact Bulgarian John talked.He wrote that the power of the Holy Spirit, and as indicated (2 Cor. 12: 9), and how we believe, accomplished in weakness.But not only the weakness in the body, but also of eloquence and reason.As proof, he cited the example that the brother of Christ and the great theologians showed grace.
His father was a fisherman.John himself hunted just like his father.He was not able to obtain not only the Jewish and Greek education, but was not at Kazan.This information is reported about him St. Luke in Acts (Acts. 4:13).Fatherland it was considered the poorest and most humble - it was a village, which were engaged in fishing, not a science.He appeared to light in Bethsaida.
Evangelist surprised some, however, the Spirit was able to get the illiterate, noble, in any respect not outstanding people.After all, he announced about what we did not teach any of the other evangelists.
should be noted that since they are the gospel of the incarnation of Christ and of the eternal His existence does not say anything efficient, there is a danger that people tied to the earth, and who can not think of anything high, think that Christ Being HisI began only after his birth to Mary, not begotten by his father before the world.
It was a confusing fell Samosata Paul.That is why the illustrious John proclaimed the birth of things above, mentioning, however, and the birth of the Word.For proclaims: "And the Word became flesh" (John 1: 14).
We opened another amazing situation in the John the Evangelist.Namely, it is the only and has three mothers: Mother Salome, thunder, because of the immense voice of the Gospel, he is the "son of thunder" (Mk. 3:17) and the Mother of God.Why is the Virgin?Because it is written, "Behold, your mother!" (Jn. 19:27).
was at the beginning of the word (Jn. 1: 1)
So study further interpretation of the Gospel Theophylact Bulgarian.What the Evangelist said in the preface, it repeats, and now while other theologians tell at length about the birth of the Lord in the world, his upbringing and increases, John ignores these events, as his classmates about them quite a lot said.He leads a talk about the Godhead became man among us.
However, if you look carefully, you can see how they, though not concealed information about the Godhead begotten, but mentioned it still a little and John, fixing his gaze to the Word of God, emphasized the dispensation of the Incarnation.For the souls of all managed by one Spirit.
not it true interpretation of the Gospel Theophylact Bulgarian study is very interesting?Continuing further acquainted with this wonderful work.What tells us, John?He tells us about the Son and the Father.He points to the infinite existence of the only begotten when he says: "It was the Word in the beginning," that is, from the beginning it was.For what happened from the beginning, from the fact, of course, it does not appear a time when it was not.
«Location - ask some - it can be determined that the phrase" in the beginning was "means the same as that from the beginning?" Really, where?As understanding of the most common, and most of this theologian.For in one of his manuscripts he says, "that from the beginning it was that we saw ..." (1 Jn. 1: 1).
Theophylact Bulgarian interpretation is very unusual.He asks us whether we see as chosen himself says?And wrote that this questioner says.But he understands that "in the beginning" as well as that of Moses: "God created in the beginning." (Gen. 1: 1).How is the phrase "in the beginning" does not give understanding, as if the sky forever, and here he does not want to define the word "in the beginning" as if the only begotten endless.Of course, just say so heretics.In this crazy perseverance we had no choice but to say, the sage of anger!Why are you silent about the following?But we will say this against your will!
general interpretation Theophylact Bulgarian suggests thinking about being different.Here, for example, Moses said that God first created the heaven and the earth's firmament, and it says that in the beginning "was" the Word.What similarities between "created" and "it"?If and there was written "in the beginning God created the Son," the evangelist said nothing would.But now, once said, "In the beginning was," he concludes, that the word of the century there, not with the passage of time being received as many idle chatter.
not it Theophylact Bulgarian interpretation is precisely the difficulty, which is read out?So why John did not say that "in the beginning was the Son," but - "the Word"?The evangelist says that he says is due to the weakness of the audience, that we heard about the Son from the beginning of the flesh and not the birth of a passionate thoughts.For his "Word" called you to know that both the mind dispassionate word is born, and he was born on his father calmly.
And another explanation called it "the Word" because he told us about the qualities of his father, as well as any word announces mood.And together, in order for us to see that he co-eternal Father.For it is impossible to argue that the mind is very often happens without a word, and the Father and God can not be without the Son.
general interpretation of Theophylact of Bulgaria shows that John has used this expression because there are a lot of different words of God, such as the commandments, prophecies, like the angels said, "the power of strong, do his will" (Ps. 102: 20)that is, His commandments.But it should be noted that the word is a private entity.
Clarifications on Romans blessed Apostle Paul
interpretation of the New Testament evangelist has people to constant reading of the scriptures.This leads to the knowledge of them, because he can not lie to the one who says, seek and find, knock and it shall be opened unto you (Matt. 7: 7).With this we come into contact with the secret message of the blessed Apostle Paul, only need to read the messages carefully and consistently.
known that transcended all the teachings of the Apostle to this word.That's right, because it is more than all worked and purchased a generous blessing of the Spirit.By the way, this can be seen not only from his letters, but also from the Acts of the Apostles, where it says that the perfect word for unbelievers called him Hermes (Acts. 14:12).
Interpretation Blessed Theophylact Bulgarian reveals the nuances of the following: first, we are invited Romans not because they think they wrote it before other messages.So, first the Letters to the Romans were created both news to the Corinthians, and above them is written the Epistle to the Thessalonians, where the blessed Paul to praise shows them to alms, sent to Jerusalem (1 Thess. 4: 9 - 10; Wed 2 Cor.9: 2).
Also, before the letter to the Romans inscribed more and Galatians.Despite this, the interpretation of the Holy Gospel tells us that the Romans of the other messages created the very first.Why is it in the first place?Yes, because in the Holy Scriptures do not need a chronological order.So the twelve prophets, when listing them in the order in which they are placed in the sacred books, not follow each other in time, but are separated by enormous distances.
A writes to the Romans, Paul only because he carried the sacred duty of passage of Christ's ministry.Furthermore, the Romans considered the Primates of the universe, who brings the head for good, the positive effect on the rest of the body.
Paul (Rom. 1: 1)
Many evangelist Theophylact Bulgarian perceive as a life guide.It really is a very valuable work.By the way, he says that neither Moses nor evangelists or after someone did not write their names in front of his own, as the apostle Paul points out his name before each message.
