study of legal and political institutions that exist in Russia in the course of historical development, has been the history of the state and law.It examines the legal and political phenomena in order to establish patterns and trends of development of the law of the state.In general, the history of the state and law - is as historical and legal science.The subject for the study considered the changes associated with the development, change of types and forms of state agencies, state and law.
very history of state and law is very similar to the scientific theory of the state and law, the two stages of study the sciences and the emergence of the state and law.But, in contrast to the theory of State and Law, History of State and Law reveals all the laws, all the features of studying in Russia.
main tasks dealt with the history of the state and the law are - the study of past experience, the study of the development of state and law and predicts possible developments.The methods used in this science, and general philosophical (dialectical), and general sociological, and there may be specific.Specific methods are divided into 3 methods:
- this chronological methods to study the phenomena in different times and in chronological order;
- comparative methods that map the development of the state and the rights of some people with other peoples
- system methods that consider the historic and legal phenomenon with various other phenomena.
History of State and Law of the different countries unique.For example, the history of the state and the right of Germany to the beginning of the XIX century had a total of about 300 countries.All these states obey the Emperor and the Imperial Diet, the peasants were serfs.Compared with the notion of the history of the state and law in France, Germany was on the stage of social and economic backwardness.Then came the formation of the unified German Empire, where the Board holds Federal Diet.Year after year, the history of state and law in Germany improved, there were wars, during which the country was ruled by monarchs.Then carried out the political parties, there was the German Democratic Republic.In conclusion we can say that the history of state and law in Germany every century culminated.Today, Germany - one of the most developed countries.
Regarding the concept of the history of the state and law of France, there is also a deep history with many legal systems.The French Revolution brought the population to a state of crisis, the legal system in those years was conservative and archaic.After the revolution, the right was not coordinated and scattered, a few years to develop trade and civil law, labor and social legislation.France can be safely attributed to the mixed form of government, where the president of the board of the country involved, but for his work consistently and continuously monitors parliamentary control.French legal system provides a stable development of the state.
Despite the fact that the history of state and law in many countries has gone through hard times, we can say that today all the legal laws of all countries meet the moral and spiritual needs.
in the history of the state and law of Russia there are several valuable stage - the creation of Soviet law and the state in 1917 - 1918, Soviet law and the state in foreign civil war and the military inventory in 1918 - 1920, during the New Economic Policy in 1921at the end of the 20s, during the break-up of indigenous social relations in the late 20s and until 1941, during the Great Patriotic War of 1941 - 1945 and Soviet law and the state in the years after the war.
