enough to characterize a large number of both chemical and physical processes and systems used category of "phase."
In the simplest understanding the category of "phase" referred to an independent part of a certain system, which is characterized by the relative homogeneity of the structure and composition.Phase usually sufficiently autonomous and separated from the other phases of the system defined boundary - interfacial section.
From the viewpoint of chemical systems which include a homogeneous system, the phase may be a substance in any aggregate state of gas, solid, liquid, and mixtures thereof, and solutions.The common property also acts that do not mix any of the gas, liquid, or any of the solids form a separate phase.For example, if we consider as a model system, which includes ice, which melts and the water in the system can be divided into two phases - the water and ice.The fact that even though they have the same composition but different in the structure of substances, and therefore are self-contained phase.Likewise, there may be exemplified the existence of substances which we fix the existence of only one phase.These should include air, potassium permanganate aqueous solution, hydrochloric acid.In these compounds, no visible interfacial sections, and at each point of its composition is homogeneous.
However, the beginning of the article in the definition is not sufficient and complete.It includes the identity and homogeneity requirements of the composition, but this approach is only relevant in respect of equilibrium systems.In the same case, when the system is in the state of the chemical reaction, the phase can be mixed.Yes, and the volume of the continuous phase will be commensurate with the size with the elements that make up this phase.
Category "phase" and serves as a criterion for the classification of physical and chemical systems.According to the number of all the systems are divided into species such as a homogeneous system and a heterogeneous system.In a corresponding manner possible and to formulate and define these categories.Heterogeneous systematically is one in which the number of phases is not equal to one.And, accordingly, a homogeneous system - a system in which only one phase is released.
phases themselves are also classified into types.Solid phase - is one in which the hit from one point to another without crossing occurs interfacial section.It is the presence of this and only this phase is characterized by a homogeneous system.
In contrast to her heterogeneous system created as a continuous phase and a dispersed, that is fragmented into a number of separate components.
example of homogeneous systems can serve as a true solutions, because the particles that make them, are a mixture that exists at the atomic level.
most significant physical meaning of this concept characterizes this category, as the equilibrium constant of a homogeneous system.This constant is, in turn, is another important property characterizes homogeneous systems - balance.The reactions that occur within the one phase called homogeneous, which means that all the elements involved in it are in the same aggregate state.Equilibrium in the course of such reactions are characterized by such a thing as an equilibrium in a homogeneous system.This means that for such reactions occur to such a set concentration level at which perhaps even both direct and reverse flow of the reaction.This state is called chemical equilibrium, and it is, by and large, it serves as an indicator, in which during the reaction is terminated as such.
equilibrium constant allows you to determine the ability of a complete chemical reaction under certain conditions.It is a universal size and applies to any system.
