From anatomy, we know that the brain consists of such departments as the oblong, medium, intermediate, and rear of the forebrain.In turn back the brain is divided into the pons and cerebellum, the structure and functions of which we consider in this article.
It should be noted that in the two hemispheres of the cerebellum is isolated, middle office and the so-called worm, the surface of which is shared parallel grooves, between which there are meanders, with its entire surface is eight hundred fifty centimeters square.Groups gyri form lobe of the cerebellum, its continuous grooves from the worm and pass on the hemisphere.
Each gyrus represents a thin layer of white matter, gray coated (bark) with a thickness of one millimeter.The cerebellum, the functions of which are connected to its structure, a lower leg (they have a direction to the medulla oblongata), medium (sent to the bridge) and upper (sent to quadrigemina).It is also associated with all other departments of the central nervous system with numerous pathways that carry impulses from the muscles, ligaments, cortex and tendons, the cerebellum also sends impulses through these channels to other departments of the National Assembly.Thus, this part of the brain involved in the regulation of motor activity, makes movements precise, smooth and proportionate.
important to note that as a body, which is a motion control system, the cerebellum performs the following functions:
1) the regulation of muscle tone and body posture;
2) coordinate rapid movements.
3) coordination of purposeful movements;
All these functions are best handled under the classification of parts of the cerebellum.Consider in detail what functions are performed by the cerebellum, particularly each of its departments.
worm is associated with control of body balance, tone and posture.It is in this zone receives information on the status and position of the locomotor apparatus, and then, after its processing certain commands are sent to the vestibular apparatus.It should be noted that removal of the cerebellar vermis leads to increased extensor tonus also observed disequilibrium synergy, the center of gravity, there ataxia.
Intermediate Division is responsible for the deliberate movement and correction, as well as choosing the best posture to perform the movement.His defeat leads to hypermetric, imbalances.
cerebellar hemispheres are responsible for the occurrence of a certain direction very fast movements that occur independently of the information from reaching the spinal cord.These movements can be seen in the sport or playing a musical instrument.Lesions of the brain areas causes ataxia, limb tremor, promahivaniya, hypotension and muscle megalografiyu.
More recently, scientists had shown that the cerebellum has other functions, such as it is to some degree responsible for the functionality of organs and tissues.If you remove the cerebellum, then there will be a disruption of the heart and blood vessels, respiratory system, gastrointestinal tract.
Thus, again, we note that the cerebellum, which determine the function and nature of disease when abuse is involved in the regulation of the internal organs.His defeat of the main causes symptoms such as asthenia (muscle weakness), astasia (shaking movements of the muscles) and atonic (weakening of muscle tone).It is also quite common to observe the development of dysmetria - loss of precision movement, ataxia - deformation of gait adiadohokineza - loss of ability to perform a sequence of movements.
Thus, the cerebellum performs a number of functions that ensure the normal functioning of the organism.In addition to the coordination of movements, and it regulates the functioning of all internal organs and systems of man.
