Almost any educated person, no matter in what sphere of public activity, he or his efforts and heard sound somewhat mysterious word "noosphere".It is considered a singular novelty of the XX century, such as the theory of evolution was in the previous century.Let's try again to understand this poluzagadochnoy idea of what appears to the doctrine of the biosphere and the noosphere, so closely associated with the name of scientific and philosophical heritage of Vernadsky.
First, know exactly the year of its birth and its direct author.
Even in 1875, the term "biosphere" was first introduced into scientific circulation Austrian geologist Eduard Suess.But he did not define the concept, has not designated its scientific objectivity, so for a long time the word "biosphere" was used in a variety of values.
first time this category has been used as scientific in the walls of the College de France - famous Parisian institution, famous for highbrow level of teaching, lectures in 1927.The author of the term became a philosopher and mathematician Edouard Leroy.Interestingly, the co-author of the noosphere concept was recognized and associate Leroy - Pierre Teilhard de Chardin.But these two scientists directly send their listeners and readers to the concepts Biosphere Russian scientist Vernadsky, who has lectured at the Sorbonne.
Vladimir Ivanovich, formulated the doctrine of the biosphere, continued his reflections on the basis of biogeochemical approach to it.Since the 30s of the twentieth century to the idea of noosphere contracted all power optimistic outlook scientist.
But back in the time to the origins, to Leroy and Teilhard de Chardin.What is the essence of their ideas?The emergence of the human species in a series of ascending form means they think that evolution proceeds to use other means exclusively mental properties.Scientists say that evolution has created in human form a fundamentally new means of development of their own - a special spiritual and psychic ability, so what previously did not exist in nature at all.Chardin himself defined and distinctive features of this phenomenon - the human: the presence of a reflective mind, self-awareness and ability, thus to know himself, only to creatively play all forms of life.
In a later work, "place of man in nature," he considered the question of the origin and life, and its essence, putting people in the overall number of Space complexity of matter.
Interestingly, the young Vladimir, while still a university student, wrote in his diary a wonderful idea, resulting in the doctrine of the biosphere to the philosophical situation.In particular, he argued that the history of the Earth in a planetary examination can be seen as the history of changes of matter.Moreover, all these changes do not occur spontaneously and randomly, but based on very clear pattern of the universal level.
In this statement, the author of the doctrine of the biosphere leads to the conclusion that where the matter seems "dead", it really is not dead, but only "dozhiznenna" life in her present as potency.This phenomenon is called hominization Vernadsky, a kind of leap of planetary evolution on the cosmic level as a revival (vitalization) matter.In short, the doctrine of the biosphere is considering the appearance of man, neither more nor less, a fact further, a new quality deployment of the biosphere, and behind it the whole cosmic process.Connected in this manner to the sequence of evolutionary life, human, however, is the original integer.On the basis of this thesis, the creators and supporters of the doctrine of the noosphere tend to believe the person is not representative of the individual species, and not the "crown" of nature, but only a representative of the order of a new reality, which is in relation to the biosphere acts as a separate new "sphere".
Gomizatsiya is a method by which and developed this new sphere, gradually rising above the animal biosphere.
Located in time for her human sphere, characterized by the properties of reflection, the ability of an individual to a free and conscious choice and creativity.This is the sphere of reason - the noosphere.That is, in this movement of thought Vernadsky we see a desire to present the teaching of the theory of the biosphere as a preliminary study phenomena of a higher order - the theory of the noosphere.
