Forest - is the main vegetation type layer of the Earth.It is the most expensive source of various products, rather an ancient and well-known material that is used in various fields.It is the unity of nature, the environment is only part of it.In this regard, the division of forests and the environment is considered to be conventional.It is necessary for the gradual opening of their relations, direct and inverse.The study of the relationship
plants and the environment, forests and the environment of the forest ecology is engaged in a broad perspective.As the object of environmental review and certain types of wood and non-wood forest organisms.Forest Ecology as sineko includes the following aspects: logical autekologicheskie.To the first aspect includes a forest and the environment, the second - certain types and environments.
in forest ecology addresses two aspects: first - the impact of environmental factors on the life of the forest;second - the value of ecology and the impact of forests on the environment that surrounds it.In the second case it says about the impact of forest space beyond it, which is occupied by forests.Hence forest ecology studies the role of the environment in the existence of the forest as the unity of nature, part of which this medium is.All variety of environmental factors that determine the conditions lesoproizrastaniya life and development of forest is reduced to several groups: firstly, climatic factors, including radiation, aqueous modes, motion and composition of air and so on.
Secondly, edaphic and orographic factors.They include soil, the soil, the topography, as the slopes are steep and Spotlight.
third group, biotic factors.This group includes plants, animals, and microorganisms.
fourth group - anthropogenic factors.
Fifth, historical factors.
in nature has a comprehensive environmental impact factors, which manifest themselves in different combinations.If you change one factor, it certainly changes the other.For example, when changing altitude necessarily change and climate, soil and other factors.
Thus, under the influence of different environmental factors is forest.It affects the environment, and he influences all these factors, creating a peculiar only to his special environment.It is important for the person in the context not only locally, and also in global.
If we assess the ecological functions of the forest can be distinguished two types of effects on the environment: mechanical and biogeochemical.The mechanical function is carried out through biomass.This is a live organism as a whole or individual components, which are contained in the unit area ecosystem.Biochemical functions - physiological activity, such as photosynthesis, salinity, and the like.
allocate some functions of the forest: the productivity, carbon feature, Air-cleaning, climate, weather and water protection.
ability timber consists in removing both the carbon of the air and foreign substances.Pollutants from the air is purified by the absorption and physical vapor deposition.
Forest planting is much reduce the effects of noise, protect the road to avoid being snowed.
Forests affect atmospheric phenomena.This creates its own microclimate, which is used to protect crops, soil and the like.Positively forests affect groundwater recharge, as much of the surface water moving underground.Groundwater is fed by rivers and thus guarantee a high level of water, both in winter and in summer.Forest planting play an important role.
