Appearance substance aluminum hydroxide following.Typically, the substance is a white, gelatinous form, although there are variations in the presence of the crystalline or amorphous state.For example, in dried form which crystallizes in white crystals which are insoluble in acids audio nor alkalis.
aluminum hydroxide can be represented and fine crystalline white powder.Acceptable presence of pink and gray shades.
chemical formula of the compound - Al (OH) 3.Connection of aluminum oxide and aluminum hydroxide to form water, chemical properties are also largely determined by the elements in its composition.This compound is obtained by carrying out the reaction of aluminum salt and dilute alkali, and should avoid an overabundance of them.Obtained in the course of this reaction, the aluminum hydroxide precipitate can then be reacted with an acid.
Aluminum hydroxide is reacted with an aqueous solution of rubidium hydroxide, alloys of this material, cesium hydroxide, cesium carbonate.In all cases water is released.
Aluminium hydroxide has a molecular weight equal to 78,00, it is practically insoluble in water.The density of the material is 3.97 g / cm3.Being amphoteric, the aluminum hydroxide is reacted with an acid, wherein, in the reaction gave average salt water and released.Upon entry into the reaction with alkalis appear complex salts - gidroksoalyuminaty, e.g., K [Al (OH) 4 (H2O) 2].Metaalyuminaty formed when aluminum hydroxide, fused with anhydrous alkalis.
Like all amphoteric substance, acidic and basic properties of both aluminum hydroxide shows the interaction with strong acids and alkalis.In these reactions when dissolved in acids hydroxide cleavage occurs most hydroxide ions, while reacting with the alkali - cleaved hydrogen ion.To see this, it is possible, for example, to conduct the reaction, which involves aluminum hydroxide solution.For its implementation need to fill in a little tube of aluminum shavings and pour a small amount of sodium hydroxide, no more than 3 ml.The tube should be closed tightly stoppered, and begin a slow heating.After that, fixing the tube on a tripod, it is necessary to collect the hydrogen evolution to another tube, putting it in the pre-capillary device.After about a minute tube should be removed from the capillary and bring it to the flames.If the tube is assembled pure hydrogen - burning will take place quietly, in the same case it is air - Cotton happen.
aluminum hydroxide obtained in the laboratory in several ways:
- by the reaction of aluminum salts and alkaline solutions;
- way expansion of aluminum nitride by water;
- by passing through a special hydro carbon containing Al (OH) 4;
- exposure to ammonium hydroxide to an aluminum salt.
The industrial production is due to the processing of bauxite.Also used the technology impact on the aluminate sodium carbonate.
aluminum hydroxide is used in the manufacture of fertilizers, cryolite, a variety of medical and pharmaceutical products.The material was used in the chemical industry to produce aluminum fluoride and sulfur.Irreplaceable compound in the production of paper, plastics, paints and more.
medical use due to the positive influence of drugs containing this element in the treatment of gastric disorders, increased acidity of the body, ulcer diseases.
when handling the substance, should be wary of an inhalation, as they cause severe lung damage.As slabodeystvuyuschim laxative dangerous in large doses.If corrosion is aluminosis.
the substance is safe enough because it does not react with oxidants.
