colorless viscous liquid having a boiling point of 269.2 ° C and relative density - 1.83 g / ml at ambient temperature (20º) - this is sulfuric acid.The melting point of this substance is likely 10,3ºS.
level of concentration of sulfuric acid is largely the determining factor for its use in chemistry and industrial production.Generally, there are two major conventional division of the concentration levels, even in a strictly scientific sense, to carry out a numerical distinction between them is impossible.According to this classification are allocated dilute sulfuric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid.
interacting with a number of metals such as iron, zinc, magnesium, this substance is released during the reaction hydrogen.For example, when interacting with the iron reaction takes place, the formula is written as follows: Fe + H2SO4 = FeSO4 + H2.It should be remembered that the dilute sulfuric acid, the properties that characterize it as strong oxidants, hardly reacts with metals with low activity - copper, silver, gold.
Being a strong oxidant, the compound is capable of oxidizing a very large list of metals, this property makes it widely used in various fields of industrial production.
Typically, reaction with chemically active substances, such as magnesium or sodium, as a result of the redox reaction obtained by sulfur oxide (IV), and if these active substances are metals, the resulting reaction produces hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and sulfur(S).These active metals are calcium, potassium, magnesium, already mentioned, and others.
anhydrous, or else it is called, highly concentrated sulfuric acid, little or virtually do not react with metals such as iron, because iron has a very low reactivity.The result of their interactions can serve only the formation on the surface of an alloy containing iron, solid film, to the chemical composition of which comprises oxides.This is due to the fact that diluted sulfuric acid, and the more concentrated, stored and transported in containers preferably made of metals: titanium, aluminum, and nickel.
This substance is able to oxidize non-metals, and even to show its oxidizing properties in reactions with complex substances, what are the reducing agents.The manner in which these reactions is determined by the degree of concentration, which has a dilute sulfuric acid in each case.On the other hand, a substance, regardless of concentration, has many of the characteristic properties possessed by other acids.For example, it is capable of interacting with oxides results in the release of salts.The same occurs in the interaction with hydroxides.In addition, dilute sulfuric acid, the formula of which the H2SO4, is a dibasic compound, which also forms a certain characteristic only for its properties in interactions with other substances.The main acts that result in these interactions salts formed two types of medium (a concentrated acid), salts - sulfates and diluted to - acid salts, hydrogen.
As noted above, diluted sulfuric acid - an important and widespread use of the product in the chemical industry.Applications in other industrial sectors also multifaceted.Thus, it is used in the manufacture of artificial fibers, and various types of plastics, fertilizers, dyes.Properties of the acid demand in the manufacture of explosives.In the metallurgical industry, it is indispensable in the production of metals and is commonly used as desiccant gas.
Derivatives sulfuric acid - sulphate - used extensively in agriculture, in industry - in the manufacture of paints, paper, rubber, plaster and more.
