biggest of the long bones of the human body is the femur.Features all the long bones - is the presence of the body and two ends.
Location head of the bone based on the upper proximal end, serves to connect it to the pelvic bone.Direction medially and upwardly characterized the head surface, called the joint.Her middle fossa is the body of the head of the femur, which is the point of attachment ligaments of the head of the bone.The head joins the neck and the body of the bone, forming with it an angle of one hundred and thirty degrees.
On the border of cervix and body are two large bony protuberance called a spit.Location of the greater trochanter has on its medial surface, which faces the neck, trochanteric fossa.He is at the top and laterally.Small skewer located medially and posteriorly around the lower edge of the neck.The two skewers are intertrochanteric line connecting them to the back, called intertrochanteric crest.
Femur, more precisely, its body is cylindrical in shape, which is curved convex part in front, and around the longitudinal axis, it looks as if twisted.The body has a smooth bone surface, attaching the back line that is slightly rough, and it is divided into two lips - medial and lateral.The middle of the femur connects the mouth closely, and to the upper and lower direction, they begin to diverge.Both lips are directed to the trochanter - big and small.Lip lateral increases and becomes much thicker, after passing into the gluteal tuberosity, which is the place where the attached gluteus maximus.Sometimes this takes the form tuberosity of the third trochanter.Guba medial becomes rough line.Reach the lower end of the femur, two diverging lips together to form the popliteal surface having the shape of a triangle.
distal end of the bone is slightly expanded, forming two large round-shaped condyle.These condyles different size and the degree of curvature of the articular surface.
medial condyle larger lateral is smaller.Both condyle at the same level, they are separated and back between a pit called intercondylar.On top of the articular surface of the medial condyle of the medial epicondyle there, and also the lateral side of the condyle is the lateral epicondyle, which is much smaller than the medial.Ahead of both condyles their joint surfaces into each other.This forms a concave patellar surface, which is attached to the back side of the patella.
Since the human femur is the largest bone, it is the most exposed to various strains.The most serious of them are broken.When the anatomical integrity of the bone is broken - this is the turning point.His reasons may be different: a direct hit in the thigh, a drop of solid objects and more.If a broken thigh bone, this injury is considered serious.This can be a significant loss of blood and pain shock.Of course, walking is impossible, and any load on the injured limb also eliminated.The leg which has undergone deformation, shortened.Large vessels of the limbs may be damaged as a result of displacement of fragments, especially in the lower third when slipping back fragment damage popliteal artery, causing heavy bleeding.Femur must be fixed immediately.For this the tire is applied, it is anesthesia, and then delivered to the affected Department of Traumatology.
structure of the femur is extremely simple, but it fulfills the main function - holds the load of the body and the body itself in equilibrium, is involved in complex motor manipulation, is the basis for the articulation of the lower limbs to the pelvis.These opportunities gave her very nature, and therefore to their health should be carefully.
