Collective Unconscious - a term that has entered into the psychology student and follower and later opponent of Freud Carl Gustav Jung in the early twentieth century.According to the psychologist, human consciousness, which is a prerequisite for its full, the activity of existence, it is only a small upper layer.Beneath it is another, more extensive, which encompasses the forgotten or repressed personal memories, feelings, and behaviors, indicated by Jung as a private or individual unconscious.Under this second stratum is vast and immensely more ancient layer consisting of patterns of behavior and ways that are formed and repeated many times in the course of the cultural and historical development of mankind.This layer Jung designated as the manifestation of objective and collective soul, and later called the "collective unconscious" because it consists of behavioral forms and images available to all inhabitants of the earth, but not acquired during the life of a man, and it is impossible to reach consciousness.
reason for this hypothesis was the observation of a patient of a psychiatric clinic.Exploring her morbid imagination and images of dreams, Jung discovered many parallels between them and the myths of different cultures and peoples who have never read the patient did not know.This could be explained only by the existence of a collective soul underlay feeding mythological images of fantasy and dreams of man.
unconscious in the human psyche has been studied in ancient times.In the early twentieth century psychoanalysts Freud and then K-G.Yung this problem more deeply engaged.They showed that the problem of the unconscious is very significant that the perceived human information - is only a small part of the larger whole.
unconscious in the human psyche - a set of psychic phenomena, behaviors, states, beyond comprehension and control.It can be setup, instincts, unconscious desire, intuitive thinking, creative insight, hypnotic state, or dreaming, etc.
theories of Freud and Jung, formed them in the study of the unconscious and its role in human behavior still remains the starting point in the study of complex mental phenomena.
Freud identified three main sources of manifestations of the unconscious - dreams, neuroses and erroneous actions, for research he used the method of free association and the analysis that can detect hidden in the subconscious experience.What Freud meant by each of them dedicated forms?
He believed that during sleep the human mind control is reduced and the scope unconscious burst of images, is locked in a state of wakefulness.Neurosis - is a result of the destructive effect is concentrated in the centers of the subconscious, repressed consciousness traumatic situations that destroy the human psyche.It is just as devastating result superseded consciousness unpleasant situations that accompany daily life and manifested in erroneous actions - a clerical, reservations, forgetting names and events, etc.
As noted Karl-G.Yung identified three levels of the human psyche: consciousness, personal and collective unconscious.The latter, in his opinion, formed from the collective memory of all past generations.In the psyche of the individual collective unconscious is manifested in the form of archetypes - are common to all images and ideas, emotionally experienced by each individual.
Despite numerous studies on the nature of the unconscious, holistic, unifying theory about its mechanisms and structures still do not have that, no doubt, due to the complexity of the study of the psychological and mental phenomena.
