Chemistry - interesting science that explains most of the changes taking place within our processes and phenomena.Moreover, these phenomena are not limited to simply dissolving the sugar in a cup of tea or the hydrolysis agents, which often forms the basis of a given industrial process, but also as complex as the creation of organic matter without living organism.In other words, the chemistry - the science of life in terms of most occurring phenomena around us.Chemicals can all talk about acids, bases, salts and alkalis.On one of the last will be discussed further - sodium carbonate.Let's look at everything related to sodium carbonate, starting and ending with the chemical formula used in industry and life.
Thus, sodium carbonate, whose formula is written as: Na2CO3, - is a salt of carbonic acid, which is also known as sodium carbonate, or soda ash.This material looks like a simple white powder consisting of small grains, which has no odor and quite an unpleasant taste.It can cause severe poisoning and ulcers of the gastrointestinal tract, when the human body gets inside in a large amount.The structural formula is as follows: Two sodium atom one pair of electrons associated with the oxygen atoms (per sodium atom have one oxygen), oxygen atoms connected by single bonds with carbon atoms and carbon in a same turn, connected to four (two pairs) electronsto an oxygen atom.Thus, we see the following interesting picture: the sodium atoms become positive ions with charges 1, oxygen atoms and having negative charge of -2, and carbon, which gave the four-electron has a charge of four.Thus, sodium carbonate, or rather, its molecule has polarity in some places.
There is also a little different and salt: sodium bicarbonate, has the chemical formula NaHCO3, which also can cause poisoning if gets into the body.Sodium hydrogen carbonate reacts with the more active than sodium metal, with sodium vosstanavlyavaetsya.Once this salt can be reacted with an alkali metal more active, and there will reconstitution solution.If the hydrolysis of the salt, it should be noted that the sodium hydroxide - a strong alkali, and carbonic acid has a rather weak character, so first we get the base and in vitro will be alkaline, recognize that may be using phenol-phthalein (stain solutionsalts crimson).
If we talk about sodium carbonate chemical properties which do not differ from the chemical properties of hydrogen, it may be noted that, if carried out the electrolysis of the melt and solution of the salt, the "behavior" they will be quite the same.Let's consider.
electrolysis of molten sodium carbonate finish that will stand out the carbonate ion and two moles of sodium.If the hydrolysis of the salt solution, you get the following picture: the anode recover hydrogen at the cathode - a hydroxy group in the end it turns out that stay carbonate anion and two moles of sodium.
also possible and it should be noted that sodium carbonate reacts with substances such as a strong acid, e.g., nitric, hydrochloric or sulfuric acid.It is substituted, that is, recovered carbonic acid, which is immediately decomposed into water and carbon dioxide or carbon dioxide to give a salt of the acid, which was added to the sodium carbonate.
A similar picture is obtained by adding soluble (and no other, otherwise the reaction will not go!) Salt of a strong acid, but the reaction products has to get gas, sediment or water.
