become familiar to us everyday items that are ubiquitous in our daily lives, it would be impossible to imagine without the use of organic chemical products.Long before chemical experiments Anselm Paya, a result of which he was able to discover and describe in 1838 a polysaccharide which has received own name "pulp" (a derivative of the French cellulose and the Latin cellula, meaning "cell closet"), a property of the substance is actively used in productionthe most essential things.
Increased knowledge of the pulp has led to a wide variety of things, made on its basis.Various grades of paper, cardboard, plastic parts and of synthetic fibers (acetate, viscose rayon, cuprammonium), polymer films, enamels and varnishes, detergents, food additive (E460) and even smokeless powder are products of the production and processing of pulp.
Pure cellulose is a white solid with a rather attractive properties, has excellent resistance to various chemical and physical influences.
Nature chose pulp (fiber) as their primary building material.In the plant world, it is the basis for the cell walls of trees and other higher plants.In the purest form of naturally occurring cellulose is cotton seed hairs.
The unique properties of this material is determined by its original structure.Formula cellulose has a total record (C6 H10 O5) n from which we see a pronounced polymeric structure.Repeated numerous times β-glucose residue having a more detailed view of how - [C6 H7 O2 (OH) 3] -, is connected into a long linear molecule.
cellulose Molecular formula determines its unique chemical properties to resist corrosive environments.Also pulp has a high resistance to heat, even at 200 degrees Celsius ingredient retains its structure and is not destroyed.Self-ignition occurs at a temperature of 420 ° C.
cellulose Not less attractive for its physical properties.The structural formula of cellulose in the form of long filaments comprising from 300 to 10 000 glucose residues having no side branches, largely determines the high stability of this substance.Formula glucose shows how a plurality of hydrogen bonds betray cellulose fibers not only high mechanical strength but also good flexibility.The results of analytical processing a plurality of chemical experiments and research was the creation of a model of cellulose macromolecules.It is a rigid spiral in steps 2-3 of the elementary level, which is stabilized due to intramolecular hydrogen bonds.
not a formula of cellulose, and its degree of polymerization is the main characteristic for many substances.Thus in the raw cotton number reaches glucosidic residues 2500-3000 in purified cotton - from 900 to 1,000, purified wood pulp has indicator 800-1000, regenerating the cellulose in their number is reduced to 200-400, while it is industrially cellulose acetate is between 150270 "links" in the molecule.
product to obtain cellulose serves as a vegetable raw materials, mainly wood is.The main manufacturing process involves cooking the chips with a variety of chemicals, followed by purification, drying and cutting the finished product.
Subsequent processing cellulose allows you to receive a variety of materials with desired physical and chemical properties that allow to produce a variety of products, without which the life of modern man is hard to imagine.The unique formula of cellulose, adjusted chemical and physical treatment, became the basis for the production of materials that have no analogues in nature, allowing them to be used widely in the chemical industry, medicine and other fields of human activity.
