branch of psychology that deals with the study of the laws of the acquisition of social experience of man in the conditions of specially organized training, is called "Pedagogical psychology".Of this area associative stands the concept of "educational activity", which is the basis of educational psychology.The term "training activities", even among qualified people are treated differently, sometimes it is associated with concepts such as training or teaching.
can consider this concept according to D.Elkonin, who believed that "learning activity - an activity that has its content mastery of generalized modes of action in the field of scientific concepts ... such activities should be encouraged with adequate motives.They can be ... motives of the acquisition of generalized methods of action, or in other words, motives, self-growth, self-improvement "[238, p.245].In some cases, educational psychology considers the learning activity as a specific mode of action.It has always focused on the subject and suggests his self-development, improvement and the formation of his personality thanks to useful and informative teaching.
Educational psychology distinguishes several basic principles of educational activity, it differs significantly from other types of education.
- It is specifically aimed at the solution of educational problems and the mastery of the material.
- This doctrine mastered general scientific concepts and principles of action.
- joint methods of action (as opposed to worldly ways) precede the solution of complex tasks of life.
- training activities leading to a change in the personal characteristics of the person.
- Subsequently, all this complex results in a change of mental properties and social behavior of the student, depending on the results of his own action.
main product training activities structured educational psychology considers the knowledge underlying the solution of complex scientific and practical problems.Training activities consist of such concepts as motivation, educational tasks in the most diverse forms, learning activities, assessment, turning into self-esteem and control, turning into self-control.Motivation is the most basic component of learning, is a part of any educational activity, it can be both internal and external to the type of activity, but it is always the inner, with respect to the individual student.
learning tasks proposed to the student in the form of a specific task in a specific situation.This aspect is very important for the student, because at this moment he has the opportunity to discover something new and unknown.To do this he will need some effort and contact with the subject, and the results will indicate the goal.Educational psychology explains that the main difference between the learning task from the rest is that it is the end result of a change in the person, as an individual, rather than subjects with which it interacts.
and pedagogical psychology has specific requirements for training tasks.
- The first task should be part of a complex system, and its usefulness is estimated at a total aggregate of the entire system.
- When creating a task, you must strive to make it not only ensures the execution of the next training purposes, but also sought to implement more remote.
- Learning objectives should help in the development of the educational system, and to help correct implementation of training activities.
- learning task must presents so that the appropriate means of activities performed as a direct product of education.
On this basis, we should not underestimate the influence of learning tasks in the whole process of training activities, the more that the psychology and pedagogy of higher education and middle managers is clearly confirmed.
