Greek "politeyya" and "logos" means science dealing with the study of public affairs.The subject of the study of political science are the principles of the political organization of society, as well as the study of the role of the political system and the relationship of its components to it: the state, public organizations and political parties.In addition, political science and other social sciences are studying the regulation of social and political relations, as well as represent the entire range of issues and challenges that make up the concept of democracy.Political scientists studying foreign policy and the balance of political forces represented in the international arena and international relations.
Research Methods in Political Science is the observation of events;survey participants in the events;content analysis;simulations or simulation of one embodiment of the process;cognitive maps (analysis of the reactions of political leaders in different crisis situations).
Sociology and Political Science are exploring various fields of human society, and their functions are different in nature, but are united by common areas.
So, sociology and political science carry cognitive function sociology provides the accumulation of new knowledge about different aspects of social life, finds patterns and analyzes the prospects of development of the society in social terms, and political science - provides a knowledge of the political reality of the world.
Sociology and Political Science in their application function is expressed in the practical solution of problems which are the subject of sociological research, and also carries criticisms of current political processes.
Information function of sociology enables control over social processes.
ideological function of political science is to choose the political ideals and its justification, the promotion of the goals and values, the implementation of which corresponds to the specific interests of various social communities.
predictive function of sociology consists in making informed predictions about the growth and development of social processes in the near future.
theoretic methodological feature of political science is the basis of investigations carried out in the other humanities and social sciences.
Politics in the social sciences can be considered in the comprehensive study, together with the economy and ideology, as well as sociology.
Sociology inseparable from social psychology.
subject of political philosophy is the policy in its entirety the relationship of the individual, society and government.
Political history evaluates and studies the theory of politics, institutions, attitudes, as well as events in chronological sequence and relationships.
Political Psychology examines and studies the mechanisms of subjective behavior in politics, and analyzes the impact of the subconscious human emotions and his behavior.
Science about the impact that civil society in the process of distribution of power in it called political sociology.
Political geography reveals the relationship and pattern of certain political processes, geographical, natural and regional factors influencing these processes.
Thus, sociology and political science can exist as an independent science, as well as a close relationship with each other and with other modern sciences.In this case, the field of study of science subjects shifted towards allied sciences, and covers a wider range of subjects, phenomena and events in the life of society.
