classifications in a variety of teaching methods in pedagogy, there are many.But now we are only interested in active learning methods, which are based on the active role of the student in the learning process.It active methods work best.
Traditionally, there are three main groups of methods which depend on the role of students.Firstly, this is passive methods, all students are considered as a kind of training facilities.Students need to learn this method, the material that gives them a teacher, remember and reproduce it.It uses the traditional survey, readings and lectures.
second large group - is active learning methods.At the same time the student becomes object and subject of education, engaging in dialogue with the teacher and performing creative tasks, which, along with questions from student to teacher, and from teacher to student to become major tasks.
third largest group - is an interactive methods.They allow you to interact with all students and teachers.These methods are best suited to lichnostonoorientirovannomu approach as it involves joint training.The object of the learning process can become a teacher.
This distinguishes active from interactive teaching methods.The teacher in this case acts as the organizer of the learning process and the group's leader.As active learning methods, interactive may be based on direct interaction with his friends and appeal to the personal experience of group members.On the basis of this experience can be established and new knowledge.
active teaching methods practiced at school in Russia, as well as numerous interactive.There have been known methods such as an interesting laboratory-brigade or design techniques, different practices, as well as labor and industrial tours.These methods were developed in the writings of the most prominent teachers Sukhomlinsky Amonashvili (pedagogy of cooperation), as well as Lysenkova and Shatalov.
develop these interesting techniques and Americans, especially at the end of the XX century.In the US, there were even developed special instructions and detailed guidance for working on these methods teachers.These developments are interested in Russian and teachers, seeking to keep pace with the times and applying interactive methods of teaching students and pupils, and in the mass school.
Numerous studies conducted in the United States, show that it is active learning methods along with interactive can significantly increase the percentage of mastering the material and suggest immediately apply their knowledge in practice, which further promotes the assimilation of new knowledge, making them an integral part of general knowledge andskills of the student.
result of studies by American teachers was a special table called "pyramid".The table shows that passive learning methods have the lowest percentage of assimilation, and interactive - the largest.However, many Russian teachers evaluate this table is very critical, because the absorption of the material, in their opinion, is difficult to measure.Moreover, everyone knows the names of teachers whose brilliant lectures (passive method) well memorized and assimilated virtually for life.
Nevertheless, despite all the criticism and shortcomings "Pyramid", the table is still really reflects all the major trends and patterns and can be a good source of information for reflection.
But we should not assume that it is necessary fully to bury all passive teaching methods and replace them with active and interactive.For successful learning can be a very important all methods and types of educational activities, and any development will certainly moving forward teaching science.
