method is a set of techniques and methods by which to achieve its goal in the study.The main aim of psychology is the study of the human psyche, so all the methods of science are aimed at achieving this goal.
As in psychological science stands out several areas that are allocated to different groups, and individual research methods in psychology: practical, applied, research.Such a classification of research methods in psychology takes into account the nature of the research, in which certain techniques are applied.
Long enough psychologists believe Philosophy.Therefore, it was felt that to know the inner world can only be subjective, through introspection, watching the man, describing noticeable phenomenon, and then making on the basis of these findings.Therefore, the first research methods in psychology were extremely subjective, unreliable and inaccurate.In this regard, the psychology for a long time did not apply to the experiment.
Over time, the subject of the science of psychology has changed.The main objective was to study the psychology of mental activity, which is peculiar to man as a person.Mental processes were seen as instruments by which a person versed in fact, knows it and senses.To study the processes of the mind began to use the technique of observing human behavior in natural conditions or experimental situations.It is in this connection it has been put into circulation new methods of research in psychology.
These methods primarily include the method of structural analysis.It lies in the fact that before the man put a problem, and there is a psychologist and monitors its solutions, analyzing the structure of mental activity.This method is complicated and requires auxiliary techniques, direct or indirect.
experimentally-genetic method reduces to the study of the formation mechanism of the mental process by observing the person in different situations.
experimentally-investigated by pathological changes in the psyche has undergone a pathological personality.
Along with such complex and capacious means there are short-term methods of research in psychology.These include psychological tests, which are designed for qualitative and quantitative assessment of the psyche.
Psychology explores very diverse, complex and peculiar phenomena that are difficult to study.The methods of research are integrated methods of a variety of sciences: philosophy, sociology, physics, computer science, mathematics, cybernetics, medicine, physiology, biology, history and others.
In the second half of the twentieth century psychology through the use of methods of exact and natural sciences separated from the philosophicalan independent science, and therefore began to actively develop.We began to appear harmonious scientific theory.The introduction of the psychological research laboratory experiments and measurements helped transform psychology into a more accurate, practically useful science.
Since the end of the 80s.XIX century.used in the psychology of the various technical instruments for experimental research in the laboratory.Please use mechanical devices, and then from the beginning of the twentieth century - power today - electronic, video, radio and other latest equipment.
not lost its significance today and the traditional methods of information collection: self-observation, surveillance, interrogation.They help to capture something that does not understand the power of devices.Very popular tests, which are specialized techniques psychodiagnostic examination.They study the psychology of different people, are comparable and differentiated assessment.These Methods in Educational Psychology, for example, are widely used and exhibit high efficiency.
