crowd, from the point of view of psychology, is an initially unorganized (either lost their organization was) a lot of people that does not have conscious of common goals and is usually in a state of emotional arousal.
crowd occurs in crowded places during natural disasters, military training, mass entertainment, celebration, protest or transport clusters. crowd psychology is complex and full of mysteries.
crowd may be characterized by varying degrees of activity and the level of excitement. Psychology crowd formed depends on the nature of people.For example, the crowd can be active (cluster of aggressive people, prone to cruelty, violence and destructive actions, the accumulation of fleeing people embraced panic).Zapaynaya isolated literature showing the type of crowd (a collection of people, protesting).The crowd can be passive when it is not peculiar to the emotional component (crowd of onlookers).
crowd psychology is characterized by features that influence the behavior of its constituent individuals.It is anonymous (the people who joined the crowd, confident that their actions will remain unnoticed by anyone, hence there is a feeling of lack of control and irresponsibility);uniformity (when all the psychic manifestations of individuals are leveled to a common level and people mindlessly are susceptible to appeals and slogans);suggestibility (this is a substantial and significant feature of the crowd, which explains the unpredictability of its action and the people committing actions that may conflict with their absolute consciousness and character).
The crowd are important to spread rumors that contribute to the organization of spontaneous actions of people.Mental infection is transmitted from one human to other instantly.Crowd Psychology calls it by the law of the psychological unity of the crowd (the theory G.Lebona).
irrational behavior of people in the crowd and high emotional tension is the result of all of its other activities.A man involved in a crowd, in fact loses personality, individuality, turns into its conformal party, capable of all things.However, not all people are susceptible to this.It all depends on the level of mental and moral maturity of the person.
study of the psychology of crowds hampered by many factors.This is the suddenness with which the crowd formed, and the unpredictability of human behavior, instability, quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the crowd, aggressive nature and the emotional intensity of people.All these features interfere with the designed studies.Collecting data is possible only through surveys of participants and crowds of eyewitnesses.
Psychology of small groups much more understandable, as it is easier to study.
Small Group - an association of people who share common interests and cooperation based on common objectives.It is small groups and carried out the majority of empirical research in psychology.This is due to the fact that a large part of people's lives takes place in small groups (family, friends, educational and working groups, neighborhood groups, etc.).
These groups are formed by individual qualities of people appear. Psychology of relations in the team studied science in terms of the objective evidence of small groups, impersonal and depsihologizirovannyh.The group is regarded as a factor in the psychology of influence on the individual's behavior, especially his mental states and processes.
Small groups conveniently studied in the laboratory of experimental conditions.To do this, create an artificial laboratory groups with a direct order to study their specific properties.Explore the psychology of crowds of similar methods is not possible, which creates major obstacles and difficulties in the process of studying this problem.
