Annunciation Cathedral of the Moscow Kremlin has a long and complex history.It is a magnificent monument of history and architecture of several eras, with his face.The famous cathedral was the personal church of Russian tsars and grand dukes.
Its oldest part was built in the late fourteenth century, and the latest - in the nineteenth century.In the descriptions of the history of the temple of the nineteenth century are not documented stories about the construction of a small wooden church, called the Annunciation.Its built Prince Andrei Alexandrovich, the son of Alexander Nevsky in 1291.During this time in Moscow rules princely family, and his court had to be a church.However, officially the Annunciation Cathedral is only mentioned in chronicles in 1397.That is why historians and researchers believe that the stone Cathedral of the Annunciation was erected in the late fourteenth century.
In the fifteenth century Ivan III began the construction of a large luxurious grand residence.By this time is the beginning of the construction of the new Kremlin walls and the construction of the Assumption Cathedral, the largest church of the Moscow Kremlin, which was unsuccessful - suddenly the wall collapsed.As the surviving annals, Cathedral of the Annunciation was built Pskov masters.At first, he had three chapters - the central (largest) and two on the eastern corner of the temple.In the sixteenth century it was built four chapels with their own heads, and the bulk were two more.So Cathedral of the Annunciation became The nine.In 1508, its central dome was covered with gold leaf.In the middle of the sixteenth century, all the chapters and the roof were treated with a gold-plated copper.Since then, the cathedral was called "Michael's."
The building has a rich decoration.Its walls are decorated with arkaturny times, the origins of which are laid in the tradition of Vladimir.Thanks to him, it blends in with the neighboring Cathedral of the Assumption.
Cathedral of the Annunciation suffered much in nineteen seventeenth year in the shelling.Artillery shells were destroyed his porch, and in March 1918, the Cathedral, as well as the Kremlin itself was closed.Today, the famous temple acts as a museum.Earlier in the Kremlin there was another church, called the Annunciation.It was destroyed by the Bolsheviks, and now about it almost no one remembers.
Kremlin's Archangel Cathedral was the burial place of Russian tsars and grand dukes.The building is built of pure white stone.Its height is twenty-one meter.At the end of the sixteenth century, the cathedral walls were painted but the frescoes were only dyakonnike, where the tomb of Ivan the Terrible.Painted Archangel Cathedral of the best painters - S. Ushakov, AF Zubov, Ivan Vladimirov, F. Kozlov.Especially valuable is the "portrait" of the frescoes of the lower tier.It consists of 60 images of the great princes buried in the cathedral.In the place of honor is a portrait of Vasily III.
