in 2011 adopted a new state armaments program for 2011-2020 (the timing of its implementation in connection with the economic crisis is likely to last).In the framework of a large-scale re-equipment, modernization of existing weapons.Not the least role in the re-equipment of the Armed Forces of the Russian missiles are playing.
facilities of the Armed Forces missiles
In late 2014 the chief of the General Staff Valery Gerasimov summarized the results of the modernization of the army over the past year.As part of missile equipment, he noted that Russia has received thirty-eight intercontinental ballistic missiles.Shelves were replenished with modern anti-aircraft air defense of Kazakhstan.Two teams rearmed to "Iskander-M".
He also spoke on the supply of Navy equipment, namely, the submarine "Novorossiysk" submarine with cruise missiles "Severodvinsk" small missile ships "Uglich" and "Sviyazhsk."In addition, the improved system that warns of missile attack.
How did "Iskander"
of "Iskander" first learned at "MAKS-99" Air Show in Zhukovsky, Moscow region.Sergei Ivanov, at the moment is the Russian Defense Minister said that the missile system will be purchased, beginning in 2005.
predecessor of "Iskander" missile system 9K714 was "Oka", developed under the guidance of the designer with a meaningful name SPUndefeated.The fate of "Oka", however, was abysmal.
In 1987, the President of the USSR and the US Gorbachev and Reagan signed the treaty on the elimination of short and medium range.Continental arms race nuclear type has been discontinued, but because of the actions of the Soviet leadership is important for the country's defense weapons systems were under restriction."Oka" among the first on the list and is subject to destruction.In 1989, two hundred and one hundred and two missile launchers were destroyed.
"Iskander" hysteria
Students Invincible managed to revive the complex, which was called "Iskander" (which means in translation from the Tatar "winner").The new complex, of course, and has the best performance characteristics as compared to its predecessor.However, all the original ideas of the "Oka", found its continuation and development of "Iskander".
in a state of extreme excitement introduced Western political elite mention of placement in Russia, in Kaliningrad, the fifth in November 2008, "Iskander".This stimulation was similar to what they experience at the mention of the Syrian chemical or Iranian nuclear weapons.Since P-500 missile "Iskander" was sober, NATO and the United States in such situations, when it was time to protracted disputes finish.
But from what such a reaction?What was going on?But the fact that the medium-range missile complex "Iskander" are virtually imperceptible.This is due to several factors.For example:
- cruise missile capable of maneuvering with incredible congestion, which today are unable to reach either one interceptor missile in the world.
- Even if the previous point would be possible then to discover its standard means of radar unrealistic.
- "Iskander" is able to dispose of special purpose to mislead the enemy, and also to establish radio interference and jamming all emitters oriented within the missile defense system.
Thus, any object at a distance of five hundred kilometers, can be destroyed complex "Iskander" is almost a hundred percent.
tactical Kazakhstan is of three kinds: "Iskander-E", "Iskander-M" and "Iskander-K."
"Iskander-E"
This system is designed specifically for export.Its main characteristics are: range - two hundred eighty kilometers in the main part of the mass of four hundred and eighty kilograms;airspeed - 2100 m / sec.
The structure of single-stage rocket system includes a rocket-propelled launcher installation, command-staff and transport and loading vehicle, mobile unit for the preparation of information, mobile units that provide technical and domestic plans, ARSENALNY and training kits.
"Iskander-M"
This version of "Iskander" is generally more difficult for the Russian domestic use.At its base it was developed export version - "Iskander-E".
"Iskander-M" - is not as conspicuous as compared with the previous one and is better able to maneuver both at the beginning and at the final stage of flight.Its guidance system combined with optical and laser homing radio correction and GPS.
P-500 missile
They are used in missile complex "Iskander-M".A developed cruise missiles P-500 since 1998.
These missiles weigh four hundred eighty kilograms, are at a distance of five hundred kilometers with a flight of twenty four minutes at a speed of two hundred and thirty to two hundred and sixty kilometers per second.Although originally intended for the cruise missile "Iskander-M", and later it became adapted to the later developed "Iskander".The first tests with an improved complex took place in Kapustin Yar in 2007.There's P-500 missile has demonstrated all its excellent features.
missile control system is likely to be based on the basis of the GPS and a digital computer.CU is not separated.Start system operates in conjunction with the satellite navigation systems.Sights data is automatically entered into the rocket in the horizontal position within the Socialist Party.Entering data is fast and can be corrected before the start.
"ground-ground"
missiles "ground-ground" - jet, they are used to hit targets on the ground and run well on the ground.The name along with the use of the term "surface-to-air" and so on. D. Applies only in Russia, and has previously been used in the USSR.Thus, according to the Russian terminology, R-500, "Iskander" missiles are the "ground-to-ground."In other countries they are called simply tactical or operational-tactical.
"Iskander-K"
more refined version of "Iskander-M" was developed in 2012.He received the title of "Iskander-K."His medium-range missiles equipped on R-37, bearing surfaces.Thus, it is possible to quickly and accurately shoot at flat trajectory.P-500 missile can fly at a height of six meters.Her combination of GOS and replacement warhead.The system can let two missiles at different targets at intervals of one minute.
Combination "Iskander"
According to military experts, if used simultaneously, "Iskander-M" and "Iskander-K", a synergistic effect, which is not able to resist none of missile defense systems.When highly maneuverable hypersonic speed of high-altitude on the "Iskander" the same type and have the same characteristics, but flying on a six-meter high "Iskander" a different type will be directed to the same goal, it will be hit with the highest probability.
Placement "Iskander"
US reacted immediately through all channels of communication, as soon as Russia has placed in the Kaliningrad region of "Iskander", urging her not to destabilize the situation in Europe.Poland and Latvia have also expressed their concerns on this issue, stating that such actions, they say, do not lead to a desire for closer interaction and cooperation with NATO and the European Union.Interesting and the reaction of Azerbaijan after Armenia were supplied missiles.All aggressive rhetoric, which took place up to that point with his hand, immediately stopped.
the summer of 2014, after the annexation of Crimea to Russia, the President approved the placement of facilities in the Crimea.Cruise missiles P-500 complex "Iskander" could not remain indifferent to Europe and the United States.And their response was already accustomed to loud and outraged.After the appearance of such a formidable weapon of the Black Sea has radically changed the balance of forces with NATO.
President of the Russian Federation received criticisms that such a decision is a cynical and treacherous.It supposedly gives Russia the opportunity to get closer to NATO bases.
Respond to "Iskander" NATO is nothing.Hence the violent reaction of the West to the redeployment of Russian complexes within its territory.However, ten years ago it was said that in response to the NATO air defense and missile defense system near Russian borders will be deployed missile systems "Iskander".And so it happened.Most unpleasant surprise for NATO was the best double occupancy "Iskander": in the Kaliningrad region and the Crimea.
