supersonic bomber Tu-22M3 is currently the latest model of a series of long-range bombers codification «Backfire».Version with variable geometry wings has been created to replace outdated Tu-16.The new "M3" are capable of carrying powerful weapons, solve strategic problems, to make long-distance flights.In the International Classification of Tu-22M3 bomber belongs to the middle class of military aircraft.
tasks and appointments
missile modification "M3" is perfect for bombing attacks on land and sea facilities for the hostilities.Attempts are made guided missiles and aircraft.Tu-22M3 bombers could hit targets in the group and individual aircraft at any time, even in the most adverse weather conditions.
protection from attacks carried out by means of special radio-electronic interference suppression and modern air defenses.To date, there is no better bomber that could hit the target optically invisible at higher speeds than the Tu-22M3.The characteristics of the aircraft make it indispensable when attacking small areas with maximum vysot.Na date, this modification is able to perform the following tasks:
1. Defeat important from a military point of view of industrial facilities in the enemy's rear.
2. Destruction of goals during warfare strategic forces and aviation.
3. Attack ship simultaneously with the opposition groups antiaircraft fire.
4. Isolation of shock from the approaching enemy forces operating reserves.
5. Statement of interference and noise attacking aircraft and guided missiles.
6. reconnaissance with maximum and medium heights.
7. Participation in various operations, air defense forces, navies and fronts.
History
wide production modification TU-22M hampered the development of expensive and complex technologies.However, the design has been developed a new approach to the creation of a universal shock bomber.Firstly, the engineers have abandoned the idea of single-mode fighter.After reviewing all the details, they decided to construct a multi-mode aircraft that would be able to maneuver at different altitudes and speeds while hitting the enemy with maximum precision.The solution was the introduction of the concept of variable geometry krylev.V Unlike previous models, the Tu-22M3 characteristics allowed to make long flights with a maximum loaded compartment for warheads.The decision to manufacture wide bomber was made in 1974 in the Council of Ministers of the USSR.The basis of the new car lay down an improved engine NK25.However, the project is not a replacement cost.Modernization and construction of submarine subjected, and its aerodynamics.As a result, improvements were significantly reduced weight of the aircraft.
By the end of 1970 has been adjusted release of the major parties, "M3", which immediately after the test passed on the balance of the Soviet Air Force.One of the main differences from the previous model would increase the deflection angle of the wing to 65 °.This allowed to hide the circuit radome assemblies turning hydraulic unit.Also, the fuselage was lengthened and improved combat gear.In addition, the first received application contactless and hydro generators in the power Tu-22M3.
Specifications
bomber design is an all-metal cantilever monoplane.Location of the wing - the average, variable, swept.The tail unit - single-fin.Chassis - retractable, tricycle.Noteworthy at the Tu-22M3 specifications cab.It is able to accommodate up to 4 people.This crew is placed in pairs: front - two pilots, behind - the navigator and shturman.Fyuzelyazh is also all-metal construction.The beams reinforced with longitudinal frame.Wings - caisson dvuhlonzheronnoe consisting of a center wing, rotary units and SCHK.All parts are interconnected integrally.As the fuel tanks used caissons.Rapid maneuverability is achieved through the flaps on consoles and three sections of assembly rotation.Vertical tail rudder and keel presented.
unique motor of the plane Tu-22M3 characteristics allow to achieve thrust in afterburner mode, up to 20 thousand kgs.The maximum speed is 2300 km / h, cruising - 930 km / h.
Management Features
The missile carrier Tu-22M3 cockpit shows longitudinal and transverse stabilizer, rudder and control system interceptors.Manageability is achieved by the flap and swivel head.In case of accidental deviations balance held stabilizer.
is to provide a booster control system Tu-22M3.Features of wings allow to achieve an optimal balance of hydromechanics rotary components and electronic onboard equipment.With this bomber can provide the fixation at angles from 20 to 65 degrees.Console flaps keep the plane in the desired position by the force elements are treniya.Glavnymi board navigation equipment, which includes a set of NK-45 radar PNA and optical sight OPB-015T, as well as missile guidance systems and automatic station AFCS-145m.Communication between the crew achieved by STC-7.
Arsenal and protection
Today one of the most feared and powerful means of air attack is just a bomber Tu-22M3.The characteristics of the aircraft of the shock proof.Armed with supersonic aircraft - missiles like the X-22.In addition, the bomber has a special compartment for combat paramilitary equipment parts.
On vnutrifyuzelyazhnyh installation and external ejection consoles have the ability to mount up to 10 missiles X-15.In gruzootseke are special beams for hanging bombs and mines up to 3000 kg.It is worth noting that the maximum load that may be experiencing aircraft is about 24 tonn.Dlya protection from enemy attack submarine equipped with a system of gun GS-23 with built-in radar and computing unit.To resist interference detection and Tu-22M3 is designed complex "Ural-M."
Combat application
Bomber was one of the main air strike forces during the Afghan war in late 1988.The hostilities in Chechnya in the celestial expanses dominated Tu-22M3 and MiG-31-MB.Joint flight of supersonic aircraft was made in order to support attack aircraft due to discharge flares.
summer of 2008, several modernized Tu-22M3 made a blow aimed at an important strategic points of the Georgian army in South Ossetia.It is noteworthy that none of the models of the Tu-22M has never acted on exports, although it has repeatedly expressed interest in China and India.
Major modifications
At the moment there are only two advanced variation bomber:
1. In the model Tu-22m3M been converted sighting system SVP-24-22.Also modernization undergone navigation and computer complex.
2. TU-22m3R a reconnaissance aircraft, whose main objective is jamming enemy locator systems.This modification has not received wide application.
