What is different from the nozzle gun?

gun nozzle, without a doubt, is the most noble and romantic weapon used by hunters of all ages.Created specifically for hunting double-barreled shotgun with a rifled barrel appeared in the UK between 1830 and 1840, when in the mountainous regions of Scotland has become a popular hunting deer.Until that time, only used a single-gun, but hunters are aware of the need for a quick second shot, mainly for finishing off wounded game.

Short description

For several hundred years, people use firearms for hunting.What did not come up for the production of animals and birds: the union, rifles, rifles, shotguns different designs and calibres.In the middle latitudes is a prestigious big game hunting: wild boar, elk, bear, deer.But the most cherished trophies mammals considered "Big Five": elephant, lion, rhino, leopard and buffalo.Each one of them deadly, so their production mainly used large-caliber guns with special rifled bore - fittings.

Most often, this type of weapon is equipped with two reclining stems - it is the most mobile, with the best type of layout.It allows one by one to carry out two killer shot.Even if the misfire first shot the shooter has time for a second.

Single-barrel versions also exist - for hunting in the mountains, where it is important the accuracy and range of a bullet.Austrian and German gunsmiths produce three, and even hunting rifles chetyrehstvolnye universal fitting.In this case, two major trunk has a large caliber, and two others - smaller calibers for different types of game.

Classification

This weapon has come a long and "thorny" way from the awkward dulnozaryadnyh guns that use dangerous black powder to high-tech "nitroekspressov", which embodies the best ideas of engineering.Existing types of nozzles are divided into three classes:

• Launcher - watershed gun outdated design, which uses oblong or round shape short lead bullets.Traditionally, this type of weapon was used black powder.The initial velocity bullets low: 320-510 m / sec.
• Express - watershed gun nozzle caliber .450, .500, .577, and others.Used oblong shell-less bullet initial speed is 465-610 m / sec.Also used black powder.
• Nitroekspress - "perelomka" developed into a modern bullet shell sent by smokeless powder.The initial speed of 564-991 m / s.
• bullpup - a new word in the design of a single-fittings of relatively small caliber.Trigger submitted by the middle of the trunk and is located behind the hammer mechanism and the barrel (not turning) is aligned with the butt.This arrangement allowed without reducing the length of the barrel to make the weapon very compact.To the rear of the loader tipped butt, it also may have more ammunition.

From evolution to revolution

Although the union belong to separate species of hunting weapons, yet are derived from shotguns.Throughout its evolution, in technical terms, they lagged behind the development of other types of firearms hunting, was in the role of catch-up.

With the popularization of the African hunting at the beginning of the XX century for the manufacture of fittings come from leading European Rifleman.In 20-ies were created the best examples of expression (special quality products stand out British Masters) eclipsed its own characteristics and "gladkostvolki" and carbines.They still are the elite dream hunters.

What is the difference from the gun nozzle

In fact, the union - the same turning shotguns (vertical or horizontal) of the gun, but they bore no smooth and grooved.This will allow the trunk rather, farther and with greater force to send a bullet.The flip side of this process is to create high pressure in the barrel, because of what the specific requirements imposed on the strength of the sealing system - is significantly strengthened.

Given the high caliber of the barrel of "thick-walled" close-fitting bolt gun is usually heavy and bulky, respectively, for the running of hunting it does not fit.

Knockdown and stopping power of large-caliber models are phenomenal: one bullet enough to hit the largest land on the planet - the elephant.Even if the shot was not accurate, the kinetic energy of the projectile is enough to knock down, and for a time to neutralize any big game.No other type of civil weapons is not capable.

Please note that it is difficult to use weapons, no wonder they say that the union - for the pros.Especially large caliber, the nuances of the design, weight and efficiency are an obstacle to their use inexperienced hunters.

types caliber

Fittings purpose and, accordingly, the caliber is divided into two large groups: European type, and African-Indian.For hunting in northern latitudes (Europe, Russia, North America, parts of Asia) traditionally used "small" Caliber: 9,3h74R;8h57JRS;7h65R.Accordingly, the length of trunks comparable rifle: 550-600 mm.

Animals of Africa, India, Southeast Asia, are large in size, for the hunter much more dangerous.Calibre for such giants select appropriate: .375N-H;.416Rigby;.470N Or more.

most powerful unions

There nitroekspressy monster with huge (by the standards of hunting) caliber.For example, for a long time the most powerful guns were firm Holland & amp;Holland chambered for .600 Nitro Express, developed by Jeffrey.However, due to the whim of a millionaire (who wanted to be was the last .600), Holland & amp;Holland weighty compensation for their production ceased in 1975.The contract amount is a secret, but apparently it is very significant, because one nitroekspress caliber .600 was worth more than 100 000 dollars.

However, capitalists have found a simple way to get around the restriction bonded contract - producing large-caliber guns still.At the request of the American William Feldstein Holland & amp;Holland in 1989 has created a gun caliber .700 Nitro Express, and ammunition developed in Bell Basic Brass.Experts insist - it is the most powerful in the history of hunting weapons.In the first three shots were hunting killed three elephants.

Price question

Today, even with the increasing restrictions on hunting dangerous game in the double-barrel unions need remains the same, especially when it comes to purchasing commission (b / y) of the instance.Most commands respect caliber fittings sold or collectors, or "hunter-dreamers" who wish to have the same weapon, what used James Sutherland, John Hunter and others.

Specialists It is not recommended to save on this type of weapon, if you plan to use on a real hunt purchased the gun fitting.The price depends on the type of gun, his caliber, manufacturer's technical condition and historical value.If you want to buy nitroekspress, the price tag of a couple thousand dollars should alert not uncommon for the cheap copies collapsed after a few shots.Upscale, which means that reliable and effective samples are tens of thousands of dollars.With this in mind the company responsible for organizing hunts in Africa big game, have their own collection of fittings and hand them out to customers.From new the cheapest in the world are Izhevsk model MR221 and MR251 (20 000).

gun fitting: firearms Russian

The Russian unions as hunting weapons were not widely, probably because of the lack of decent facilities hunting.But they are widely used in the imperial army.Of course, some factory and master fittings produced in small quantities, mainly for the production of bears.

From modern fittings domestic production note "single-barreled gun" IZH18N (with removable smooth barrel 12 gauge included), double-barreled shotgun choke "Express" MR251 unit with power locking and MR221 "Artemis".This pattern of relatively small caliber, which, however, enough to defeat any beast confident in our latitudes.

Conclusion

fitting, especially nitroekspressy arethe most powerful tools for hunting gunshot.Because of a rifled barrel and high pressure into its channel at the time of the shot the bullet gets increased kinetic energy, flies farther and hit more accurately.From rifled carbines differ much larger caliber and the possibility of the product of two (or more) shots "one for one" pillar on the job sight.

Among the shortcomings noted an increase in the weight of weapons (some nitroekspressy weigh 5 kilograms or more), a sensitive impact (important for large caliber) and high cost.In the case of double-barreled (three, four) of performance, effective range decreases.However, the union of European type due to the smaller caliber do not have these drawbacks.