Greece is a unitary state, which is located in the southern part of Europe.According to the latest estimates of the country's population is just over 11 million people.Hellenic Republic covers an area of 132 thousand square meters.km.To date, the government had enormous economic problems, resulting in the streets of major cities occur endless strikes, riots, speculation and provocation.
Description country
capital of Greece is Athens.The main legislative body - Parliament.In the spring of 2015 the President of the Republic is Prokopis Pavlopoulos.Greece became independent in 1821, separating from the Ottoman Caliphate.
Located unitary state on the Balkan Peninsula.Under the jurisdiction of the country fall into numerous territorial islands.Greece itself is divided into 13 administrative regions.Washed Thracian, Icarian, Aegean, Crete, Ionian and Mediterranean seas.The total land border with countries such as Albania, Bulgaria, Turkey and Macedonia.The population is 98% professed pravoslavie.Nesmotrya on the rich cultural and historical heritage, the current state of Greece in world politics and economics with each passing day becomes more and more tenuous.The country is dominated by the agricultural and industrial sectors.A considerable portion of the state holds in profitability and tourism.
Limbo economy
ancient Greece called the ancient settlement, which appeared at the beginning of the first millennium BC.e.on the coast and islands of the Mediterranean.In those days, the most advanced civilizations were just Rome and Greece.The economy was based on slave system.It is private property was the foundation of economic activity.
civil society and government were formed gradually with the development of democratic institutions.Hellas was originally an aristocratic republic.The economy of ancient Greece depended entirely on the economic activity of policies that were formed by the decomposition of the community.Each city united the property of aristocrats.Members of the pole had political and civil rights.It was they who laid the foundation of cash and cash otnosheniy.Pervostepennoy sector of the economy was agriculture, for example, the cultivation of grapes and olives.Following went cattle (sheep, goats and so on. D.).Artisans and farmers engaged in trade.Back in the old days were rich land Hellas useful resources such as copper, silver, gold, lead, and marble.
development of a modern economy
heyday financial performance dates back to 1996.So GDP amounted to about $ 120 billion.Per person per year receive $ 11,500.Then, by the dynamic growth rates of return among the leaders of European countries it was just Greece.The economy of the republic at the time was based on the success of agriculture and industry.The share of these sectors accounted for more than 55%.The remaining percentage is divided between services and taxes from tourism organizations.Unemployment does not exceed 11%.
Start of the 21st century was marked by a country serious financial changes.In Greece, foreign investors pulled sharply.On the one hand, is to stabilize the economy and to close the gaps in some important respects.On the other - the national system had to adapt to western integration.As a result, Greece has become gradually give way to its partners in the European Union.Maintain capital helped a multibillion loans from American, Italian, French, Swiss and German bankov.Tem least the main characteristic of the Greek economy by sector remained virtually unchanged.GDP from agriculture is 8.3% of the industrial zone - up 27.3% from the services - more than 64.4%.At the same time the needs of citizens in the liquid fuel overlap only at the expense of imports.
General economic indicators
One of the agrarian-developed nations of Europe have long been considered to be Greece.The economy is on the equivalent of the primary exceeds even some EU members.The only drawback that hinders the industrial development of Greece, is the average level of production.
The public sector provides a little less than half of GDP.This is achieved through a well-developed trade and banking system.Its share of the income and bring insurance companies, and tourism.With regard to industry, in recent years the most profitable are the textile, petrochemical, food and metallurgical industries.In turn, the rail link is weak, which is not the air and sea.In general, the economy of Greece briefly characterized by two components: the stagnation of the banking system and slow GDP growth.It is worth noting that about 20% of money turnover occupy shady tranches.
Industry and agriculture
Sectoral structure of the country is developed unevenly and disproportionately throughout.But in light industry one of the major powers is again Greece.The country's economy is replenished from this fishery products by almost 19%.Thus involved in light industry for more than 21% of the population.
actively being mined nickel ore, bauxite, emery, magnesite, pyrite.The extensive development of the production of steel, mechanical engineering, woodworking.The priority is considered to textile industry.Another important for the economy is shipping.
agriculture based on private farm associations.Due to their economy of Greece is replenished annually by 7%, and it is about $ 16 billion.The range comes with livestock farming, agriculture and fisheries.To date, 41% of the country's land occupied by pastures, yet 39% - forests and plowing.
Tour yield
Greece annually visited by about 20 million visitors.Tourists bring in the state treasury more than 15% VVP.Samymi frequently visited places are the beaches.Sunbathers and swimming come every summer in Athens, Chora, Heraklion, Thessaloniki and other big resort towns.Attract tourists with its beauty and incredible atmosphere of harmony and islands such as Rhodes, Crete, Santorini, Peloponnese, Mykonos.Do not be amiss to say about the many cruise tours of the Mediterranean.
Nevertheless, in the last couple of years there has been a considerable sailing tourists.Only in the first half of 2015 there were 22% less than expected.Thus, the economy of Greece has missed the order of 6.8 billion dollars.
Many tourists say that in recent years more profitable to go on vacation in Crimea, Bulgaria or Turkey.There and loyal prices and better quality services.
debt crisis
Every year investment loans Greece inexorably rising.Today, the external debt of the state is more than 450 billion euros.This amount exceeds the annual GDP by almost 2 times.So, in this once prosperous country like Greece, the economy is hanging by a thread.According to experts, the total debts in 2018 could reach 600 billion euros.This is an unprecedented case that puzzled not only the Greek banking system, but also to European unification.Naturally, there are no dividends even for the minimum repayment.
Greek Government in a hurry began offering large investors loyal to the privatization program.However, this would only postpone the inevitable.The default in the country has already come.
causes of the financial crisis
Greek economy is now at a stage of stagnation.In January 2015, the country formed a new government.The objective of the Ministerial was to find alternative ways to stabilize the economy without the help of the European Central Bank.
In March 2015 Greece refused to pay the debt, achieving it in the rigid form of partial write-offs.In June, the International Monetary Fund were terminated all transactions with Athens.Progress has not been achieved, and with the Central Bank of Europe.Moreover, in early July government supported the results of the referendum on the refusal of EU aid.Thus, the economy of Greece today - it's a deep default, the output of which will be found will not soon.
credit assistance
Fat chance to stabilize the crisis situation is the acceptance of the European Commission.The organization is prepared to provide Greece with a loan for a short period in the amount of 7 billion euros.It will temporarily lead the country out of default.However, to repay this amount will have until October of this year, with the credit vklyuchitelno.Vmeste Greece put and other conditions to be approved by a special commission of the EU.
According to the latest news, it is clear that the party Alexis Tsipras and the majority of MPs voted for approval of the deal with the EU.Now Greece will get a chance to partial recovery.
