We all remember anything seen in my life.It sounds incredible, but that is a medical fact confirmed by numerous studies.Given this, the strange looks at our ecstatic surprise meeting with a man having "photographic memory."What is surprising, if we are all endowed with this gift?What is the difference between an ordinary visual memory and a rather rare photographic?
main differences are evident: time saving visual images and the ability to use them.
Were not the gift of oblivion ...
a century ago, it was noted that the photographic memory in children more often than adults.Studied this phenomenon Soviet psychologist Luria once even said that the nature of this saves man from the excesses.The same can be harmful photographic memory?
A person with normal visual memory speed of forgetting the visual image is 1/24 of a second.Thanks to our ability, there is a movie.We see the first stationary picture, remember it (literally continue to see) for this moment, it is applied to the next frame - and forgotten, that is, erased from our short-term memory, replaced by the next still picture.And as 24 times per second.Now imagine what a person comes with a photographic memory, in which the speed of forgetting can last a lifetime!Luria was horrified to imagine the situation of a man when he crosses the street with heavy traffic.After all, in his view, such a pedestrian in front of the eyes to be a jumble of visual images of moving vehicles, and it is unclear which of these images is true, and what - the memory of the traffic situation a couple of seconds ago.
Fortunately, the owners of photographic memory miraculously manage to manage their "photographs" are better than everyone else.
main thing - the system
Forgetting - not the destruction of information.Memory multilayer: is short, usually not more than 7 objects for a few seconds, there is a long-term, for years - though supported by repetition.Everything else is "dumped" into the subconscious, and pull out the necessary information, that is to remember it is very difficult.
problem rests on the storage system.If you carefully put all your photos in a great big bag, you find in this dump snapshot of your grandmother's classmates will be extremely difficult.If you lay out the pictures in albums or sachets: friends here, then relatives there holidays etc.- The problem is much easier.
People have a photographic memory, visual images such packaging is made almost "on the machine."At the same time they manage to even work with several of his "snapshots" at the same time.
In 1917, Guinness was not there, but loved to set records at all times.Magazine «Psychological Review» invited the members of the Polish society Shass Pollaks, having a photographic memory, see the 5422 pages of the text of the Babylonian Talmud.Then you have to imagine that the finger of the experimenter permeates the entire Talmud.Blindfolded psychologist George Stratton pointed to the first page of the original - and five members wrote in their report, in which words that would get a finger on each of the remaining pages.It was made only seven errors.
When any picture says a person with normal visual memory, before his eyes appear vague outlines of objects or persons with some "exercise" items.This is similar to restoring the text for keywords.Photographic memory also provides a fundamentally different picture: whole, without isolating the main subject.I remember seeing once and location of the event and the clothing of participants, and the background.Before the eyes if there is a clear illustration of what he saw once.
This difference, many have tried to understand.In 1970, Harvard psychologist Charles Strohmeyer conducted the following experiment with a student Elizabeth having a photographic memory.She had to consider the right eye image of randomly scattered 10 thousand points.The next day she was asked to consider the same pattern already left eye.Remembering what he saw Elizabeth two images merged stereoscopic image floating in space.
gift or labor?
Curiously, the owners of photographic memory is usually chosen profession associated with the processing of documents, texts.From painters Claude Monet and only Ivan Aivazovsky recognized in this capacity.Among the scientists can be called Nikola Tesla, Leonhard Euler, and Henri Poincare.Not too often the nature of the donee and that writers are known only to Vladimir Nabokov and Ray Bradbury.But often this gift was manifested among politicians, especially presidents of different countries: it is the Chinese Hu Jintao and Indonesian Sukarno, and Slobodan Milosevic, and American presidents Theodore Roosevelt and Bill Clinton.However, they were speed-reading courses, and thus were familiar with the methods of mnemonics, allowing greatly facilitates storing text information.Possess a photographic memory, and many players, such as world champions Bobby Fischer and Garry Kasparov.
Memory players studied carefully.The practice of simultaneous game blindly, thorough knowledge of the millions of different parties with options and comments, the ability to analyze the position in view of the endless situations that arise on the boards of all time - all this could not but attract the attention of psychologists dealing with memory.During the experiments it was found out that the game situations GMs remember far better non-grossmeystrov.But when subjects were offered a combination of absurd, impossible, in practice, the ability to play them was similar, and those and others.It seems that the GMs are not a photographic memory, and the ability to absorb a particular type of information close to the logic.
hard to say whether you can be attributed to the photographic memory of the music.Composer and conductor Mozart von Bülow once heard a new symphony, could easily play it.They represent a mental note or piano keys?
Even more complex problems arise when trying to learn the existing mechanisms in the case of eidetic when a person with a memory stores the entire complex of sensations.For an equal number of visual memory is added to smells, sounds, tactile impressions.This produces complex chains of relationships, when the smell is the visual image and the surface roughness is accompanied by pop tune from oblivion.
since 1990 in England, Germany, and recently in China held the world championships memory.Participants are encouraged to 10 jobs memorizing different numbers written on a blackboard.The prize fund of a few years ago was 90 thousand dollars.Competitions, like specially designed for people with eidetic or photographic memory.And they come to the championship.To everyone's surprise, for all the past years, higher than the fourth place, no eidetic not risen.The winner mnemonics.Not an innate ability, and as practice.Hence the conclusion: the incredible memory on the verge of a miracle could have every one of us.Only need to really want and how to try.But we need it or not - is another question.
Nikolai Sazhnev
Articles Source: oracle-today.ru
