Pedagogy - a complex social science, unifying, integrating and synthesizing a data of all the teachings of the children.It defines the canons of the formation of social relations, affecting the development of the future generation.
Goals and Objectives Pedagogy
pedagogical aspects actually affect the child, not only during the direct effects, but subsequently are reflected in the events of his life.
main objective of pedagogy is to facilitate the full process of self-development of the individual and society with the help of the scientific approach, as well as in the development and implementation of effective ways to improve it.
At the beginning of the third millennium, full of important events, increases the need for approval in the minds of Russians humanistic ideas.This is possible only under the condition of the pedagogical approach in all spheres of life.Only then it will be possible to predict the effectiveness of educational and educational activities.
Thus, the tasks and functions of pedagogy linked to the description, explanation and forecasting of events and processes taking place in the field of education.That is what determines the need for separation of tasks on the theoretical and practical.Tasks and functions of pedagogy are formulated on the basis of scientific principles, and then translated into actual activity.
The following is a list of the most important theoretical problems.
- Identification of the basic laws of upbringing and education process.
- analysis and generalization of experience of teaching.
- develop and update methodological framework;the creation of new systems of training and education.
- Using the results of pedagogical experimentation in teaching practice.
- definition of prospects of development of education in the near and distant future.
actual embodiment of the theory, that is, the implementation of practical tasks carried out directly in the educational institutions.
object of pedagogy
tasks and functions of pedagogy as a science formulated clearly enough.Their content is never caused controversy among experts and researchers.
At the beginning of the XX century Makarenko paid attention to the specificity of the subject of pedagogy.He did not agree with the majority of scholars of the time.ASMakarenko believed their erroneous belief that, as a child object of pedagogy acts.This science studies the aspects of activities aimed at creating socially relevant personality traits.Therefore, the object of pedagogy is not a person in the direction of his educational process, a set of pedagogical activities that determine the development of the individual.
subject pedagogy
Problems educational processes indirectly related to many sciences: philosophy, sociology, psychology, economics and others.But none of them does not affect the nature of the activity, which determines the everyday processes of growth and development of the child, as well as the interaction of teachers and students.Only pedagogy has been studying the patterns, trends and prospects of development of educational and educational process as a factor in the formation of human personality.
Thus, the subject of this collective social science includes the laws of formation process of education at the time, which is closely linked to the canons of social relations.Also, object, subject and pedagogical function reflects the totality of features and conditions of pedagogical influence.
Pedagogy as a science
most important functions of pedagogy as a science related to the knowledge of the laws governing education, education and training of the individual and the development of optimal means of addressing the major challenges of personal human development.To specify
experts distinguish theoretical and technological features of pedagogy.
Implementation of each them involves the presence of three levels of activity-related.
level of theoretical functions:
- descriptive or explanatory , which studied advanced and innovative educational experience.
- Diagnostic , in which the state is detected, the conditions and causes of the phenomena accompanying the interaction between teacher and child.
- prognostic , involving experimental studies that identify pedagogical reality and find ways to convert.This level is connected with the creation of theories and models vzaimodeyatelnosti participants of pedagogical relations that are used in practice.
level of technological features:
- projective , including development of an appropriate list of methodological materials (curricula, programs, benefits, and so on. D.) The contents of which embodies the theoretical basis of pedagogy.
- transformative , associated with the introduction of scientific achievements in the educational process in order to improve it.
- Reflective or correction , involving assessment of the impact of educational research on learning and educational practice, the results of which can be made adjustments, given the relationship of science and practice.
main categories of pedagogy Pedagogy
functions are shown differently, depending on the category in which the impact on the child.
Any theoretical framework should be based on a clear distinction between everyday conceptions and scientific knowledge.First recorded in the daily practice of education and training.Second - is the generalized results of teaching experience, which are represented by categories and concepts, laws, practices and principles of the organization of the pedagogical process.The formation of this science was accompanied by a gradual differentiation of the concepts that has become a prerequisite for the formation of the three categories of teachers: it is education, education, education.
Education
modern science deals with the concept of "education" as a social phenomenon, characterized by the transfer of historical and cultural values, subsequently forming the appropriate experience, transfer it from generation to generation.
functional educator:
1. Transfer of experience accumulated by mankind.
2. Introduction to the cultural world.
3. Stimulating self-development and self-education.
4. Providing educational assistance in the event of difficult life situations.
result of the educational process is the formation of a child's personal relationships to understand the world, and other members of the society itself.
problems in education has always recognized the need for a historical society in the preparation of future generations, capable of implementing certain public functions and social roles.That is a set of systems that determine the content, nature and objectives of the educational category, it is in accordance with traditional ethno-national traditions, especially the socio-historical formation, a certain hierarchy of values, as well as the political and ideological doctrine of the state.
Education
next category is "learning", which experts understand the interaction of the teacher and children aimed at developing students.
tasks work of the teacher:
1. Teaching, that is purposeful transfer of knowledge, life experiences, ways of life, the foundations of culture and science.
2. Guide the development of knowledge, skills and abilities formation.
3. Creating conditions for personal development of students.
Thus, the essence of the dialectical relationship "education-training" is the development of the activity and personality traits of an individual, based on the account of his interests acquired Zoon abilities.
Education
third pedagogical category - education.It is a multi-faceted process that includes several activities, in particular, the formation of the students of the valuable relation to society and themselves;a set of measures on training and education.
presence of various types of educational institutions makes specialized pedagogical categories.Their classification reflects the level: kindergarten, elementary school, high school, and so on. D. Accordingly, the substantive and methodological side at every stage of education specific.Categories pedagogy of preschool age have their own characteristics, related to the fact that the main leading activity for the child 2-7 years is a game.Education for this age is the basis for development.And then, when the study took a dominant place in the life of the student, the ratio of the importance of teaching categories varies.
Based on the foregoing, the pedagogy should be considered as the science of the essential patterns and methodological foundations (principles, methods and forms) training and education of the individual.
Preschool Pedagogy
object of pedagogy, the impact of which is directed to a child of preschool age specific.Its peculiarity is due to age, and as a consequence - thinking, attention, memory, and the main activities of children under 7 years.
tasks preschool branch of science are formulated in view of its theoretical and applied roles, social and educational significance, reflecting the main functions of pedagogy.
1. Facilitate the process of upbringing and education of children in accordance with the requirements of modern society.
2. The study of trends and prospects of pedagogical activity at preschool, as one of the main forms of development of the child.
3. Development of new concepts and technologies of education and training of children.
functions preschool pedagogy
1. Descriptive-application, which is a scientific description of current programs and technologies, the use of which in the educational process is a guarantee of the harmonious development of personality.
2. predictability, which consists in the scientific prediction and finding ways to improve teaching activities in preschool.
3. Creative and converter, is to integrate the results of research and the creation of design and design technology.
subject, tasks, functions pedagogy interconnected.Their content determines the set of educational activities, which is caused by the main purpose of this science, consisting in promoting the harmonious personal development of the individual.
