Few people know the name of the Strait, which opened Dezhnev.Little is known about the life of this man.About the outstanding Russian explorer of geographical discoveries for a long time I did not know anything.It should be noted that so far there is not enough information about the history of the journey that has made Semyon Dezhnev.What opened this man and what did it matter, discussed in this publication.
Life of Semyon Ivanovich Dezhnev
Dezhnev was born in Veliky Ustyug probably in the first years of the XVII century.From there he went to Siberia, where he began serving in Tobolsk, and then in Yeniseysk.In 1641, he, along with M. Stadukhin went camping on Ojmjakon.
future pioneer Dezhnev participated in the bottom Nizhnekolymsky prison, which became the reference point of Russian travelers, goes in search of an outlet to the mouth of the Anadyr River.In addition, he made several trips to the rivers Kolyma, Indigirka, Yana, to the mouth of the Lena.However Dezhneva most attracted to the river Anadyr.According to rumors, there were large stocks of ivory, which was highly appreciated in Russia.In 1647 he was in the expedition FA Popov, within which made an unsuccessful attempt to reach the mouth of the river Anadyr and Chukotka to go around.63 traveler on four ships headed for the sea to the east.However, their path was blocked by large ice floes and explorers were forced to turn back.
beginning of a new campaign
After an unsuccessful first campaign, it was decided to make a new trip to the mouth of the Anadyr River.June 30, 1648 an expedition under the command of Semyon Dezhnev composed of 90 people came out of the Kolyma River.Ships moving through the sea to the east.The journey was very difficult.The sea storms lost several ships Dezhnev expedition (2 of them crashed on an ice floe, and 2 more have been carried out during a storm).Semyon said in his memoirs that in the Strait became only 3 koch (ship).They were led by Dezhnev and Alekseev Ankundinov.They reached the Cape, which is called the Chukchi nose, and saw several small islands.So Dezhnev discovered the strait between Asia and America.
Foundation of Anadyr fortress
Straits that opened Dezhnev decided important geographical problem.It was proof that America is an independent continent.In addition, the trip indicated that from Europe to China there is a path through the sea around northern Siberia.
After the court passed the Strait, which opened Dezhnev, they went out to the Gulf of Anadyr and then rounded Olyutorskij Peninsula.The ship of the expedition, which was 25 people ashore.Hence, travelers on foot moved north.By the beginning of 1649 13 people reached the mouth of the Anadyr River.Then Dezhnev and his comrades climbed up the river and laid there cabin.In addition, sailors founded Anadyr burg.There Dezhnev and lived 10 years.
Research Dezhneva
From 1649 to 1659 Dezhnev explored basins of Anadyr and Anuy.Progress reports were sent to Yakutsk.These reports had described in detail the strait open Dezhnev in 1648, the Anadyr River and Anuy and drawings were made terrain.In 1652 Semyon opened bank that housed walrus rookery.After that Dezhnev managed to establish fishing this animal in the Gulf of Anadyr, which brings more income in Russia.
subsequent fate traveler
In 1659 Dezhnev handed control of Anadyr fortress K. Ivanov.A year later he moved to Kolyma traveler.In 1661 Semyon Dezhnev went to Yakutsk, which arrived in the spring of 1662.From there he was sent to Moscow to deliver the sovereign's treasury.Dezhnev gave the king reports detailing his travels and studies.In 1655 Semyon was granted the rank of Cossack Ataman.On the future of Russian navigator is not known.
opening value Semyon Dezhnev
main merit of the Russian traveler is that it has opened a passage from the Arctic to the Pacific Ocean.He described this way and made it a detailed drawing.Despite the fact that the cards are designed Semyon were very simplified, with approximate distances, they have great practical significance.Strait, who opened Dezhnev became precise evidence that Asia and America shares the sea.In addition, the expedition led by Semyon Ivanovich the first time reached the mouth of the Anadyr River, where they were discovered deposits of walruses.
In 1736 in Yakutsk were first found forgotten reports Dezhnev.Of these, it became known that Russian sailor had not seen the shores of America.It should be noted that 80 years after Semyon Ivanovich in the southern part of the Bering Strait expedition sailed, which confirmed the discovery Dezhnev.In 1778, in the area I visited Cook, who was aware only of the expedition the beginning of the XVIII century.It was he who called the Bering Strait.
